Phaedra. Mythical Greek princess. Falsely accused Hippolytus of rape.

Phalangists. 1936-2000 Militant Maronites vs Moslems in Lebanese Civil War.

Phalanx. 7C BC. Greek infantry formation in 8 rows.

Pharaoh. Egyptian king’s title. =“great house”. Physical embodiment of god Ra.

Pharisees. 2C BC-70. Jewish religious sect. Oral law and Torah, vs Sadducees (Torah only). Mishna.

Pharos. 280BC-13C. Alexandria lighthouse. 135m high. Seven Wonders.

Pharsalus, Battle. 48BC. Caesar defeats Pompey.

Phenomenalism. Matter is defined by sense experience.

Phenomenology. Philosophy. Analysis of phenomena without preconceptions by conscious mind. Husserl.

Phidias. c490-430BC. Greek sculptor. Parthenon frieze. 42 foot gold and ivory statue of Zeus at Olympia. 7 Wonders.

Philby, Kim. 1912-88. British/Soviet double agent 1933-51. Escaped to USSR 1963. My Secret War 1968.

Philip. Metacom. -1676. Led Massasoit in King Philip’s War.

Philip I. The Handsome. 1478-1506. King of Castile 1504-. Established Spanish Hapsburg line by marrying daughter of Ferdinand II.

Philip II. 382-336BC. General: unified Macedonia. Alexander’s father.

Philip II. 1165-1223. French Capetian king 1179-. 3rd Crusade. Conquered Flanders. Doubled France. Fought Richard the Lion Heart for Angevin Empire.

Philip II. 1527-98. Spanish king. Revolt, 1579. Married Mary I of England. Sent Armada against Elizabeth I, 1588. Counter-Reformation champion.

Philip IV. The Fair. 1268-1314. French Capetian king 1285-. Taxed Roman Catholic Church. Ended Templars.

Philip IV. 1605-65. Spanish king 1621-. Lost Portugal, Catalonia, Utrecht.

Philip V. The Tall. 1293-1322. French king 1316-. Succeeded over Joan by Salic Law.

Philip V. 1683-1746. First Bourbon king of Spain 1700-. Accession led to War of Spanish Succession, loss of Netherlands and Italian possessions. War of Polish Succession.

Philip VI. 1293-1350. French Valois king 1328-1350.

Philip the Good. 1396-1467. Valois Duke of Burgundy 1419-. Allied with England vs France.

Philippe Auguste Wall. 1210. First defensive wall around Paris.

Philippe de Champagne. Cartoonist 1631. Windows of St-Eustache.

Philippi, Battle. 42BC. Antony and Octavian beat republicans Brutus and Cassius.

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