Ghazali, al-. 1058-1111. Islamic Sufi philosopher, mystic.

Ghazan, Mahmud. 1271-1304. Mongol Persian ruler 1295-. Made Islam state religion.

Ghazigi. “Warriors of the faith”. Ottoman military before Janissaries.

Ghaznavid. 977-1186. Turkish dynasty in Iran, Afghanistan, India.

Ghent, Treaty. 1814. Britain, US end Anglo-American War on pre-war conditions.

Ghetto. Jewish area of cities, esp: 1556-1885 Rome; 1239 Valencia; 1462 Frankfurt; 1516 Venice; 1066-1291 Old Jewry, London; 1939 Warsaw.

Ghibellines. Guelfs.

Ghiberti, Lorenzo. c1378-1455. Florentine naturalistic sculptor and architect. John the Baptist 1414. Florence Baptistery doors 1425-50.

Ghirlandaio, Dominico del. 1449-1494. Florentine painter. Frescoes. Birth of the Virgin 1485-90.

Giacometti, Alberto. 1901-66. Swiss sculptor. Stretched figures.

Gibbon, Edward. 1737-94. English historian. Decline and Fall of Roman Empire 1776-88.

Gibbon, Grinling. 1648-1720. English woodcarver on Wren’s buildings. St. Paul’s. Blenheim.

Gibbon, John. First heart-lung machine 1953.

Gibbons, Orlando. 1583-1625. English polyphonic composer.

Gibraltar. 711 Moors. 1462 Spanis. 1704 British. Treaty of Utrecht.

Gibran, Khalil. 1883-1931. Lebanese/US philosopher, writer. The Prophet 1923.

Gide, André. 1869-1951. French writer. The Counterfeiters 1926.

Gideon. Biblical Israeli general vs Midianites.

Giffard, Henri. First steam airship 1852.

Gilbert, Cass. 1859-1934. US architect: Woolworth Building 1908-13.

Gilbert, William. 1540-1603. English scientist. Earth’s magnetic field, 1600. Coined term ’electricity’.

Gilbert, William. 1834-1911. Librettist with Sullivan. Pirates of Penzance 1879. Mikado 1885.

Gilded Age. Post American Civil War period of materialism, questionable ethics. Named by Mark Twain.

Gilgamesh. Legendary Babylonian king. Epic 2000BC includes Great Flood.

Gillespie, Dizzy. 1917-93. US jazz, big band performer/leader. Founder of Bebop.

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