Cybele. Roman Great Mother of gods. = Rhea.

Cyprus. Stone, Bronze Age civilizations. 1450BC Egypt. 1200BC Greek. 1000 Phoenicia. 709 Assyria. 569 Egypt. 6C Persia. 333 Macedonia. 294 Egypt. 47BC Rome...330 AD Byzantine. 7C Moslem. 1191 Crusaders. 1489 Venice. 1571 Turk. 1878 British lease...1914 Britain annexes. 1927 Crown Colony. 1960 Republic. 1963-4 Civil War, Greece and Turkey intervene. 1974 Turkey invades, partition.

D’Annunzio, Gabriele. 1863-1938. Italian nationalist writer. Siezed Fiume 1919. Revived Roman salute.

Diana. Roman goddess of hunt and moon = Artemis.

Dictator. In Rome, chosen by consuls in emergency for 6 mo. term.

Dio Cassius. 155-235. Greek/Roman historian. 80 Volume history: Roman Antiquities.

Dionysius of Halicarnassus. 1C BC Greek writer of 20 volume History of Rome.

Dis (Pater). Roman underworld god. = Pluto. Richest god.

Donatus. c333 Roman teacher. Ars Grammatica used for centuries.

Dürer, Albrecht. 1471-1528. German painter, pioneer engraver. Apocalypse 1498. Grand Passion 1501. St Jerome 1513. 4 Apostles 1526.

Egeria. Roman goddess who advised Numa Pompilius.

Egypt. 3100BC Menes unites. 2780 Old Kingdom. 2600 First pyramid. 2040 Middle Kingdom. 1570 New Kingdom. 663 Assyria. 525 Persia. 332 Alexander...323 Ptolemy. 30BC Rome...395 Byzantine. 642 Moslem. 1250 Mameluk. 1517 Ottoman. 1798 Napoleon. 1805 Ottoman. 1882 British occupy. 1914 British protectorate. 1922 Indepedent monarchy. 1952 Coup. 1953 Republic. 1958-61 UAR.

Empire of the East. 286-1453. Eastern Roman Empire ruled from Byzantium. =Byzantine Emp.

Empire of the West. 286-476. Rome and Western part of Roman Empire. Ends 476, Romulus Augustulus deposed.

England. c1800BC Beaker folk. 8C BC Celt. 150BC Belgae. 55BC-407 Rome. 5C Anglo-Saxon Heptarchy. 9C Dane(N,E). 10C A-S/Dane. 1042 Anglo-Saxon. 1066 Norman. 1204 -Normandy. 1707 Great Britain. 1801 United Kingdom.

Ennius, Quintus. 239-169BC. Roman poet. Annales-History of Rome.

Ephesus. Major Greek, Roman city now in Turkey. 133 Bequeathed to Rome by Attale. 263 Goths sacked Temple of Artemis, 7 wonder.

Etruscans. Asian people in Tuscany 8C BC. Taken by Rome, 4-3C BC. Skilful metal workers. Strong navy, merchant traders. Tarquins.

Fabius, Quintus. -203BC. Consul. Saved Rome from Hannibal by delaying battles, allowing army to recover 218-.

Faunus. Roman woodland deity. = Pan.

Festus, Sextus. 2C. Roman lexicographer. On the Meaning of Words.

Fire brigade. 4000BC China. 2000BC Egypt. 150BC Rome. 1722 Paris.

Fischer von Erlach, J.B. 1656-1723. Austrian architect. Intro. baroque. Schönbrunn Palace 1696, Church of St Charles Borromeo 1716-37.

Florence. c200BC Etruscan. 59BC Rome. 1198 Independent rep. 1434 Medici. 1532 + Tuscany. 1860 Italy (1865-70 capital).

France. 6C BC Celt, Greek colonies. 51BC Rome. 3-5C Franks, Visigoths inv. 481 Merovingian emp. 751 Carolingian. 843 Split = W Frankish Kingdom. 987 Capetian. 1016 + Burgundy. 1378 Valois dyn. 1589 Bourbon dyn. 1792 Republic. 1799 Consulate. 1804 Empire. 1814 Monarchy rest. 1848 2nd Republic. 1852 2nd Empire. 1870 3rd Republic. 1940 German occupation. 1946 4th Republic. 1958 5th Republic.

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