Hayashi, Senjuro. 1876-1943. Japanese commander, Prime Minister 1937. Ordered invasion of Manchuria. WWII.

Heliocentricity. Revolution of the earth around the sun. Once considered heretical. Galileo. Copernicus.

Helsinki Accords. 1975. Human rights, freedom, co-operation. Reduced East-West tensions.

Henry II. 1519-59. French king 1547-. Repressed Protestants. Captured Calais 1558. Treaties of Chambord, Cateau-Cambrésis.

Henry the Navigator. 1394-1460. Portuguese prince. Sponsored African exploration. School of Navigation 1423.

Heredia, Jose de. 1842-1905. Cuban/French Parnassian poet.

Herschel, William. 1738-1822. German/English astronomer, discovered Uranus 1781.

Hill, Mildred and Patty. Wrote Happy Birthday 1893.

Hillary, Sir Edmund. 1919-2008. New Zealand, first to climb Mt. Everest, 1953, with Tenzig Norgay.

Hitchcock, Alfred. 1899-1980. English/US horror film maker. 39 Steps 1935. Psycho 1960.

Hittites. c2300-1170BC. Asia Minor Empire c1400-. Discovered iron smelting. Hieroglyphics.

Hobson, Tobias. Cambridge innkeeper who offered no choice of hired horse. -“Hobson’s choice”.

Hochelaga. -c1600. Iroquois village at site of Montreal. Discovered 1535 by Cartier.

Hopkins, Frederick. 1861-1947. English vitamin discoverer.

Hopper, Edward. 1882-1967. US realist painter. Nighthawks 1942.

Hudson’s Bay Company. 1670-. England. Explored Canada. Sought NW passage. Trading posts. Fur trade. Monopoly 1821-58. Seven Oaks Massacre.

Hundred Days. 1815. March 20 to July 8; Napoleon’s escape from Elba to his second abdication. 1933. Began Roosevelt’s administration. New Deal enacted.

Hundred Flowers Movement. China. 1956-7. Increased freedom of intellectuals. Criticism of Party led to backlash.

Hundred Years War. 1337~1453. English defend claims to French throne. Crécy. Poitiers. Agincourt. Joan of Arc. English driven from continent, except Calais.

Huron. North America Indian tribe massacred by Iroquois 1648-50. Oklahoma.

Huygens, Christiaan. 1629-95. Dutch physicist, mathematician. Discovered Saturn’s rings 1655. Pendulum clock 1657. Centripetal force 1659. Conservation of Energy 1669. Wave theory of light 1678.

Hypatia. c370-415. Alexandrian Neoplatonic philosopher. Murdered by St. Cyril and monks. Decline of Alexandria as learning center.

Iberville, Pierre d’. 1661-1706. French-Canadian explorer to Louisiana.

Iguala, Plan de. 1821. Stated 3 objectives of Mexican Independence movement. Ignored by issuer, Iturbide, when he became Emperor.

India Act. 1784. Transferred control of British East India Co to Parliament. 1858. All power over India from East India Co to British crown. 1919-35. Created bicameral parliament of limited authority.

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