Arabia. Semite. 6C BC Chaldean. c106BC Rome. 622 Caliphate Empire. 16C Ottoman. 17C Persia (E). Saudi Arabia, Yemen, Oman, UAR, Qatar, Kuwait, Bahrain.

Ararat, Mount. Noah’s Ark landing place. 9-7C BC.

Archimedes. 287-212BC. Greek mathematician: lever, screw. Principle of displacement of liquid. Screw pump 260BC. Catapult 215BC.

Arezzo d’. Guido.

Argentina. Tehuelch, Querandi, Puelche, Inca. 1536 Spanish. 1776 Viceroyalty of La Plata. 1816 Independent United Province of La Plata. 1862 =Argentina. 1943 Peron. 1982 Falklands War. 2001 Economic collapse.

Arianism. 313-. Christian heresy. “Christ not of same nature as God.” Condemned at Nicaea.

Aristippus. 435-366BC. Cyrenaic philosopher: Man’s goal should be pleasure. Good=pleasant.

Aristocracy. Gov’t by a privileged class.

Arminianism. 17C-. Christian movement. Free-will is compatible with God’s sovereignty.

Arms, Assize of. 1181. Forced Brit. free men to acquire arms.

Arnim, Bettina von. 1785-1859. German Romantic writer. Goethe’s Correspondence with a Child 1835.

Arsonval, Arsène d’. 1851-1940. French doctor and physicist. Electricity in body mvmt.

Art Deco. 1920-39. Elegant Parisian decorative style. Erte. Lalique. Chanel.

Artagnan, d’. Guarded Fouquet at Vincennes Prison.

Artemisia. -c350BC. Queen of Halicarnass, wife of Mausolus. Built Mausoleum.

Artigas, José. 1764-1850. Uruguay revolutionary leader. “Father of Uruguayan independence”.

Aryabhata. 476-550. Hindu astronomer. Explained eclipses, earth’s rotation.

Ascension. Jesus’ rise to heaven 40 days after Resurrection.

Asculum, Battle. 279BC. “Pyrrhic” victory of Pyrrhus over Romans.

Asquith, Herbert. 1852-1928. Liberal Prime Minister of England, 1908-16: Pensions and unemployment insurance. Parliament Act.

Assad, Hafiz al-. 1928-2000. Syrian President 1971-. Supports Qadaffi, PLO. Anti-Israel.

Atlantis. Legendary island which disappeared after earthquake.

Atom Bomb. 1945 US. 1949 USSR. 1952 Britain. 1960 France. 1964 China. 1974 India. 1989 South Africa (dismantled). 1998 Pakistan. ? Israel. 1990s Argentina, Brazil. Soon: Iraq, Iran, North Korea. H-Bomb. Neutron Bomb.

Attila. 406-453. Leader of the Huns. 434 attacked Gaul, defeated at Catalonia in 451. “The Scourge of God”.

Aubigné, Agrippa d’. 1552-1630. French satirical writer and poet: Tragiques.

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