European Union. 1958 European Economic Community (EEC) of Belgium, France, W Germany, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands. To integrate economic development of members. 1967 =European Community (EC). 1973 +UK, Ireland, Denmark. 1981+Greece. 1985 -Greenland. 1986 +Spain, Portugal. 1990 +former E Germany. 1993 =European Union (EU). Maastricht Treaty. European Parliament. European Court of Justice.

Factory Acts. England. 1802 Apprentices 12 hr day. 1819 Minimum age 9. 1833. Limited child labour to 8 hours and education required 1844 Women, children 10 hr max. 1842 No women/children in mines. 1920 Minimum age 14. US 1844 Women 12 hr max. 1874 Women/children 10 hr max.

Falkland Is. 1592 Davis discovers. 1764 British settle. 1774-1811 Spanish. 1829 Argentina claims (Malvinas). 1833 British.

Falklands, Battle. 1914. British destroy German fleet.

Falklands War. 1982. Britain defeats Argentine invasion. Falklands remain British.

Farnese, Alessandro. 1545-92. Italian/Spanish governor of Netherlands. Quelled rebellion.

Faunus. Roman woodland deity. = Pan.

Feudalism. 8-14C. Social system. Lord grants land rights (fiefs) to vassals in return for military or other service. Manorialism. Seignorialism.

Field of Cloth of Gold. 1520. Kings of France and England meet near Calais to propose alliances.

Fingerprints. 8C Chinese used as signatures. 1870 Indian classification system. 1901 Galton-Henry System, Scotland Yard.

Finland. 7C Finns settle, displace Lapps. 1157 Sweden. 1809 Grand Duchy of Russia. 1919 Indepependent republic.

Flamsteed, John. 1646-1719. First Astronomer Royal of England, 1675.

Flanders. Historical region of France, Belgium, Neth. 13C Cloth industry. Ghent. Bruges.

Flodden, Battle. 1513. Repelled Scotish invasion of England. James IV of Scotland killed.

Four Forest Cantons. 1291 separated from Hapsburg rule. 1332 formed basis of Switzerland.

Fredrikshamn, Peace. 1809. Sweden cedes Finland to Russia.

French Guiana. 1604 French settle. 1809 France/Portugal. 1816 French. 1852-1946 Penal colonies. Devil’s Is.

French Somaliland. Djibouti.

Frost, Robert. 1874-1963. American New England poet. Stopping by Woods 1923.

Gadsden Purchase. 1853. US buys land from Mexico.

Gaelic. Celtic languages of Scotland and Ireland.

Gainsborough, Thomas. 1727-88. English portrait and landscape painter. Boy Blue 1770. Watering Place.

Galilee. N Israel. (Ancient N Palestine). Jesus’ homeland. Absorbed in Arab-Israeli War, 1949.

Galland, Antoine. 1646-1715. French translator of Arabian Nights, introduced the story to Europe 1704.

Garnerin, A-J. 1769-1823. French. First parachutist. Landed in Monceau park, Paris, 1797.

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