Garfield, James. 1831-81. American Civil War general, US President 1881. Assassinated.

Gemayel, Amin. Lebanese President 1982-88 after brother, Bashir, president-elect, was assassinated.

Giscard d’Éstaing, Valéry. 1926-. French UDF President 1974-81.

Gompers, Samuel. 1850-1924. British/US founder, president, AFL 1886~.

Gottwald, Klement. 1896-1953. Czech Communist President 1948-. Overthrew Beneš in coup.

Grant, Ulysses S. 1822-85. Commander-in-Chief Union army 1864-5 in US Civil War. President 1869-77.

Griffith, Arthur. 1872-1922. Founded Sinn Fein 1905. Irish President 1922.

Hainisch, Michael. 1858-1940. First president of Austrian Republic 1920-28.

Hanson, John. 1721-83. American revolutionary. US. ’president’ 1781-2 under Articles of Confederation.

Heuss, Theodor. 1884-1963. First President of German Federal Republic, 1949-59.

Hindenburg, Paul von. 1847-1934. Commander in Chief of the German armies 1916-18. President of Weimar Republic 1925-. Appointed Hitler chancellor 1933.

Ho Chi Minh. 1890-1969. North Vietnamese Communist President 1945-.

Honecker, Erich. 1912-94. East German President 1971-89.

Hoover, Herbert. 1874-1964. US President 1929-33. Hoover Dam. St. Lawrence Seaway. Opposed direct federal aid to unemployed during Depression.

Houphouët-Boigny, Félix. 1905-93. West African leader. President of Ivory Coast 1960-.

Houston, Sam. 1793-1863. Texas Commander in revolt vs Mexico 1835-6. President, Texas Republic 1836~44.

Inauguration Day. Jan 20. US president takes office after election.

Inönü, Ismet. 1884-1974. Turkish military leader, Prime Minister 1923-37, 1961-5. President 1938-50.

Jackson, Andrew. 1767-1845. US President 1829-37. General 1812-18. Opposed tarrifs. Retired public debt 1835. Spoils system. Universal white male suffrage. Kitchen Cabinet. New Orleans.

Jay, John. 1745-1829. US president of Continental Congress 1778. First Chief Justice. Jay’s Treaty.

Jefferson, Thomas. 1743-1826. US President 1801-9. Drafted Declaration of Independence. Louisiana Purchase.

Johnson, Andrew. 1808-75. US President 1865-9. Reconstruction. Civil Rights Act 1866. Barely acquitted in impeachment trial.

Johnson, Lyndon. 1908-73. US president 1963-9. Great Society program. Education Act. Medicare. Vietnam War.

Kapodistrias, Count. 1776-1831. Autocratic Greek president,1828-. Assassinated.

Karamanlis, Konstantinos. 1907-98. Greek Prime Minister 1955-63, 74-80. President 1980-. Resolved Cyprus crises 1960,74.

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