Donation of Pepin. 756. Land exchanged for Pope’s recognition. Basis of Papal States.

Douglas, Stephen. 1813-61. US politician. Compromise of 1850. Popular Sovereignty. Lost presidential campaign to Lincoln.

Encyclical, Papal. Letter from Pope to RC Church.

Encyclopédists. 1751-72. Group who wrote encyclopaedia under Diderot. Voltaire, Helvetius, D’Alembert. As sceptics, they popularized social ideas which led to the French Revolution.

Flammarian, Camille. 1842-1925. French astronomer: L’astronomie Populaire.

Gaul. Celtic populated region = modern France, Belgium, W Germany, N Italy.

Gelasius I, St. Pope 492-6. Compiled first Missal. Hard line continued rift with Constantinople.

George V. 1865-1936. King of UK 1910-. Repopularized monarchy with radio Christmas message.

Gershwin, George. 1898-1937. US popular composer. Rhapsody in Blue 1924. Porgy and Bess 1935.

Gordon Riots. 1780. NoPopery Riots led by Lord Gordon to demand Catholic Relief Act repeal.

Great Schism. 1054. East-West Schism. 1378-1417. Period of rival Popes in Rome, Avignon, following Avignon Papacy.

Gregory I, St. Benedictine Pope 590-604. Developed Plainsong, Gregorian chant. Sent Augustine to Canterbury.

Gregory VII (Hildebrand), St. 1020-85. Pope 1073-. Condemned lay investiture 1075. Henry IV appoints Anti-Pope Clement III, attacked Rome, 1081-3.

Gregory IX. -1241. Pope 1227-. Organized Inquisition 1231.

Gregory XI. 1329-78. Pope 1370-. Moved Papacy back to Rome from Avignon.

Gregory XIII. 1502-85. Pope 1572-. Gregorian calendar.

Gretna Green. 1754-1940. Scottish border village popular for runaway marriages.

Guthrie, Woody. 1912-67. Populist US singer. This Land is Your Land.

Gwyn, Nell. 1650-87. English actress. Popular mistress of Charles II 1669-.

Henry V. 1086-1125. German king 1106-, Holy Roman Emperor 1111-. Imprisoned pope 1111, ending investiture controversy. Concordat of Worms.

Hippolytus, St. c170-235. Italian martyr. First Antipope, 217-.

Historia Regum Britanniae. c1135. Geoffrey of Monmouth’s history of Britain from legendary founding. Popularized legends of King Arthur.

Honorius I. Pope 625-638. Condemned posthumously as heretic. Infallibility questioned.

Humanae Vitae. 1968. Pope Paul VI Encyclical against artificial birth control.

Infallibility, Papal. 1870. Pope cannot err on matters of faith, morals. Approved by first Vatican Council after heated debate.

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