Poujadism. 1954-8. French extreme right-wing political movement founded by Poujade. Gained tax concessions.

Powell, Enoch. 1912- British Conservative politician vs EEC, immigration.

Poznán Riots. 1956. Polish workers strike for bread and freedom. 53 killed by Russian troops. Led to new regime, Hungarian Uprising.

Pressburg, Treaty. 1805. Austria loses in Napoleonic Wars. Cedes land to France.

Prime Minister. =Premier. Head of parliamentary government under the head of state (monarch or president). Walpole (1721-42) considered first British Prime Minister. Richelieu 1624 France. Chancellor.

Progressive Conservative. 1854-. (Named 1942) Major Canadian political party. Bennet. Diefenbaker.

Prohibition Party. 1869-. US political party promoting Prohibition.

Prud’hommes, Councils. Medieval French trade tribunals revived by Napoleon.

Prussia. 1226 Teutonic Knights. 1466 «Poland. 1525 Duchy of Poland. c1660 Independent. 1701 Kingdom. 1772-95 +NW Poland. 1871 Dominated German Empire. 1919 Weimar(W)/ Poland(E). 1933 Germany(W). Bismarck.

Purge. 1936-8. Stalin’s trials to eliminate political rivals with fabricated charges. 3 million dead. Executions, forced labour, internal exile.

Puritanism. 16-17C. English Calvinist movement to purify church of Catholic and political elements. Valued hard work, education, thrift.

Pyramids, Battle. 1798. Napoleon wins access to Cairo.

Quatre Bars, Battle. 1815. Preliminary to Waterloo. Napoleon defeats Prussians.

Québecois, Parti. Political party dedicated to separating Quebec from Canada. Despite 1976 election majority, 1980 referendum rejected secession.

Quesnay, François. 1694-1774. French economist, Physiocrat. “Laissez-faire” is a natural divinely appointed law. Tableau Économique 1758 -systematic study of political economy. Can maximize social satisfaction under free competition.

Radcliffe-Brown, A.R. 1881-1955. British. Social anthropology as science.

Radom, Confederation of. 1767. Polish nobles oppose king’s reforms leading to Partition.

Radziwill. 15-18C. Polish-Lithuanian royal family.

Rameau, Jean-Philippe. 1683-1764. Composer for harpsichord and operas based on classical themes. Castor and Pollux 1737. Pygmalion 1748.

Ranke, Leopold von. 1795-1886. German scientific histographer.-“Historical events must be described in their own terms”.

RCMP. Royal Canadian Mounted Police. 1873 Formed as NW Mounted Rifles. 1920 =RCMP.

Renaissance Music. c16C. Freer, flexible polyphony; steady, predictable rhythm. Palestrina. Gabrieli. English madrigals.

Republic French. 1792-1804 First. 1848-52 Second. Napoleon III. 1870-1940 Third. 1946-58. Fourth. 23 governments in 12 years. 1958-. Fifth. DeGaulle.

Retz, Cardinal de. 1613-79. French politician, writer, Fronde leader.

Ricardo, David. 1772-1823. British economist. Principles of Political Economy and Taxation 1817.

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