Philip II. 1165-1223. French Capetian king 1179-. 3rd Crusade. Conquered Flanders. Doubled France. Fought Richard the Lion Heart for Angevin Empire.

Philip IV. The Fair. 1268-1314. French Capetian king 1285-. Taxed Roman Catholic Church. Ended Templars.

Pinel, Philippe. 1745-1826. French physician. Revolutionized care of the insane at Salpêtrière with humane treatment.

Pompadour, Mme de. 1721-64. Louis XV’s intelligent, beautiful mistress. Built École Militaire. Sponsored Petit Trianon, Place de la Concorde.

Potter, Beatrix. 1866-1943. English children’s story writer. Peter Rabbit 1900.

Prokofiev, Sergei. 1891-1953. Russian Romantic opera and symphony composer, pianist. Strong folk element. Peter and the Wolf 1936.

Protectionism. Levying of import duties to make domestic production more competitive. 1337 England. 1870s Germany creates Depression. 1930 US deepens Depression. List. Smoot-Hawley.

Pugachov, Yemelyan. 1726-75. Russian. Led peasant rebellion vs serfdom 1773-5, impersonating Peter III.

P’u-i, Henry. 1906-67. Last Chinese Emperor. 1908-12. Japanese puppet Emperor of Manchukuo 1934-45. Interned by Soviets in Siberia 1945-50. Reeducated by Communist Chinese. Pardoned 1959. Mechanic. From Emperor to Citizen 1980.

Quesnay, François. 1694-1774. French economist, Physiocrat. “Laissez-faire” is a natural divinely appointed law. Tableau Économique 1758 -systematic study of political economy. Can maximize social satisfaction under free competition.

Quisling, Vidkun. 1887-1945. Traitor, head of Norwegian puppet government during German occupation, 1940-5. WWII. Executed.

Ramus, Petrus. 1515-72. French humanist, logician. Reforms of Aristotelian logic.

Reconstruction. 1865-77. Post Civil War US. Military control of south. Civil Rights Act. Carpetbaggers.

Regency. 1800-30. Georgian Classicist architecture with tinge of exotic from the Empire. Stucco facing on brick. Nash. Soane. Hope. Sheraton. Decorative Arts: Neoclassical, Egyptian motifs.

Roget, Peter. 1779-1869. English physician. Thesaurus 1852.

Roman Catholic Church. 30-. Branch of Christianity recognizing Pope as successor to St Peter. East-West Schism. Eastern Orthodoxy. Protestantism.

Rubens, Peter Paul. 1577-1640. Flemish Baroque painter. Sensuous works. Descent from Cross 1611. Médicis cycle 1621-5. Peace and War c1630.

Salpêtrière. 1656. Established by Louis XIV to care for the 55,000 beggars on the streets of Paris. Pinel.

Savonnerie. 1604-1826. Royal French carpet makers incorporated into Gobelins.

Sayers, Dorothy. 1893-1957. English mystery writer. Lord Peter Wimsey.

Sidmouth, First viscount. 1757-1844. British Prime Minister 1801-4. Treaty of Amiens. Peterloo Massacre.

Simon Peter. Peter, St.

Sisyphus. King of Corinth, condemned to perpetually roll a stone to the top of a hill.

Six Acts. 1819. Suppressed Radicals after Peterloo.

Sophia Alekseyevna. 1657-1704. Regent of Russia 1682-9 for Ivan V and Peter I.

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