Kammu. 737-806. Japanese Emperor. Established Kyoto as capital -1868. Heian Period 794-1185.

Kipling, Rudyard. 1865-1936. English/Indian writer. Compelling, emotional, poetic. Jungle Book 1894. Kim 1901. Imperialist:- “White Man’s Burden”.

Kremlin. 1156 walled city. Moscow Imperial Palace to 1712. Now houses Russian government.

Levi, Primo. 1919-87. Italian writer. Survival in Auschwitz 1947. Periodic Table 1975.

Locke, John. 1632-1704. English philosopher. Empiricism-all knowledge is derived from experience: On Civil Government 1689. Essay Concerning Human Understanding 1690. ‘Sound mind in a sound body’. Evil brings pain, Good brings pleasure. Advocated separation of legislature from executive, as applied in Britain and US. Natural rights (property, pursuit of happiness, religion) influenced US Constitution, led to Enlightenment. Philosophical basis of French and American Revolutions. Epistemological foundations of modern Science.

LogicalPositivism. 1920s. Philosophy. Only experimentally verifiable scientific truth counts. Vienna Circle. Wittgenstein.

Louis XV Style. 1715-74. Superior craftsmanship. Rococo decoration. Boucher.

Lyceum. c335BC. Athenian school founded by Aristotle, called ’Peripatetics’.

Magdelanian. ~15-9C BC. Late paleolithic period.

Marcel, Gabriel. 1889-1973. French Existential philosopher. Experience more important than metaphysics.

Marshall Plan. 1948-52. European Recovery Program. US supplied $12B goods, loans, grants. Rejected by COMECON as ’dollar imperialism’.

Mendeleyev, Dmitri. 1834-1907. Russian chemist: periodic classification of the elements 1869.

Messiaen, Olivier. 1908-92. Revolutionary French composer. Experimented with Indian music, bird song, complex rhythms, unusual instruments.

Meyer, Lothair. 1830-95. Periodic structure 1870, indepently. Mendeleyev.

Muromachi Period. 1338-1573. Japanese Ashikaga shoguns. Prosperity, foreign trade, Zen Buddhism.

Nationalism. 17-20C. Sociopolitical movement stressing individual’s loyalty to his state. 19C Led to Imperialism. 20C Fascism and Nazism.

Opium Wars. 1839-42 Hong Kong ceded to Britain. 1856-60. French, British force China to open trade, legalize opium. Demonstrated European weapon superiority. Nanking Treaty.

Ottawa Conference. 1932. British Empire creates Imperial Preference during Depression.

Palestrina. 1525-94. Italian composer. Pioneer of chordal music. A capella choir 1585. Improperia 1560.

Parthenon. 447-431BC. Marble Doric temple of Athena built by Phidias and Ictinus under Pericles on Athens Acropolis. Damaged by Venetians attacking Turks 1687.

Pathé, Charles. 1863-1957. French film maker. First Newsreels 1909. Les Misérables 1909. Perils of Pauline 1914.

Pax Romana. 27BC-193. Period of Roman peace and prosperity begun by Augustus.

Peri, Jacopo. 1561-1633. Florentine composer. First opera. Dafne 1594. Euridice 1600.

Periander. Corinthian tyrant c627-586BC. Trade and art expansion.

Pericles. c495-429BC. Athenian leader 461-. Led to Athenian dominance of Greece. Parthenon. Height of democracy.

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