Noncooperation Movement. 1920-22. Ghandi’s non-violent protest in India. Amritsar Massacre.

Nopopery Riots. 1780. Gordon Riots.

Nyx. Greek personification (female) of night.

Oakley, Annie. 1860-1926. US marksperson.

OAS. Organization of American States. 1948. Western Hemisphere organization for peace, security, and economic cooperation. Cuba expelled 1962.

Observatory, Paris. 1667-72. Claude Perrault. Dimensions of the solar system 1672, meridians of longitude. Sets Coordinated Universal Time (UTC).

Occultism. Belief in supernatural. Astrology, alchemy, spiritualism, theosophy.

Octavian. 63BC-14AD. 27BC Declared himself Emperor Augustus.

OECD. Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development. 1961. For expansion of world trade. OEEC + US, Canada, Australia, NZ.

OEEC. Organization for European Economic Cooperation. 1948-61. Western European trade organization. OECD.

Offenbach, Jacques. 1819-80. German/French light operatic composer: Tales of Hoffman. Orpheus 1859.

Omar. 581-644. Second Moslem caliph. Invaded Syria, Egypt, Persia. Established taxation.

Omar Khayyam. c1027-1123. Persian mathematician/ poet: Rubaiyat. Specific gravity of gold 1061.

Oneida Community. 19C US Perfectionist religious commune founded by Noyes....Oneida silver co.

Ontological Argument. God exists as the most perfect human conception.

Opéra. 1861-75. Paris opera house by Garnier.

Opera Buffa. = Comic Opera. Pergolesi.

Opéra-Comique. 18C-. French light opera infl by Italian Opera Buffa. Grétry.

Opium Wars. 1839-42 Hong Kong ceded to Britain. 1856-60. French, British force China to open trade, legalize opium. Demonstrated European weapon superiority. Nanking Treaty.

Ostrogoths. Germanic peoples. 3C Ukraine kingdom. 406 kingdom in Italy. 370 conquered by Huns. 493 conquered Italy. 555 dispersed by Justinian. Goths.

Ottawa Conference. 1932. British Empire creates Imperial Preference during Depression.

Outer Space Treaty. 1967. International cooperation in space. Controlled military uses. 70+ signatories.

Overlord, Operation. = Normandy Invasion.

Owen, Robert. 1771-1858. Welsh socialist. Began utopian cooperatives in England and US. Lanark 1799. Rochdale 1844.

Pacific, War of. 1879-84. Chile wins land from Peru, Bolivia’s coastline.

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