Irenaeus, St. c125-202. French theologian. Opposed Gnostics. Against Heresies 180.

Isabella of Bavaria. 1371-1435. French Queen consort/regent 1389-1422. Recognized British heir to French throne. Treaty of Troyes. Hundred Years War.

Isidore of Seville, St. 560-636. Spanish bishop, encyclopedist. Etymologiae. De Natura Rerum.

Israel. Palestine. 1948. Republic proclaimed, recognized by US, UN. Jerusalem.

James, Henry. 1843-1916. US psychological novelist. American 1877. Washington Square 1881. Turn of the Screw 1898. Compared innocence of New World with corruption of Old.-“It takes a great deal of history to produce a little literature”.

James, William. 1842-1910. US Pragmatic philosopher. Radical Empiricism. Principles of Psychology 1890. Will to Believe 1897.

Jansen, Cornelis. 1585-1638. Dutch theologian whose theses created Jansenism. Augustinus 1640.

Japan. 660BC Empire founded by legendary Jimmu. 5C AD First unified state. c552 Buddhism. 1192 First Shogun ruler. 1543 European contact (Portugal). 1639 Isolation. 1868 Meiji restoration. 1945-52 Allies occupy. 1947 Constitutional monarchy.

Jimenez de Quesada, Gonzalo. c1495-1579. Spanish conquistador. Founded Bogota, Colombia.

Joei Shikimoku. 1232. Established Japanese Shogunate feudal system.

Johnson, Lyndon. 1908-73. US president 1963-9. Great Society program. Education Act. Medicare. Vietnam War.

Johnson, Samuel. 1709-84. English lexicographer. Dictionary 1755. Subject of Boswell biography.

Jowett, Benjamin. 1817-93. English scholar. Translated Dialogues of Plato 1871.

Judaism. Monotheistic religion founded by Abraham, who had covenant with God. Branches include: Orthodox. 19C-. Rigorous adherence to original Jewish Law; Rabbinic. 70-18C. Priest replaced by Rabbi. Sacrifice...Study of Torah. Temple...Synagogue; Reform. 19C. Modern liberal interpretation of Judaism. Hasidism. Mishna. Moses.

Jung, Karl. 1875-1961. Swiss psychiatrist. Synchronicity-theory that related events occur at the same time without connecting cause. Astrology. Psychology of the Unconscious 1912. Extrovert. Introvert. Collective Unconscious.

Kamakura. 1192-1333. Japanese Shogunate dynasty. Zen. Introduced No Theater. Joei. Hojo. Daigo II.

Karsh, Yousuf. 1908-. US/Canadian portrait photographer of international celebrities. Churchill 1941.

Keiti. Last Japanese Shogun. Abdicated, 1867 after humiliation by foreigners.

Kellogg, Frank. 1856-1937. US Secretary of State 1925-9. Kellogg-Briand Pact.

Kellogg-Briand Pact. 1928. Outlawed war as an instrument of national policy. Signed by 62 countries. Kellogg. Briand.

Kennedy, John. 1917-63. US President 1961-. -“New Frontier”. Peace Corps. Apollo Program. Cuban Missile Crisis. Assassinated by Oswald. Nuclear Test-Ban Treaty.

KGB. 1954-. Soviet secret police. =Cheka -1922; GPU 1922; OGPU 1923-34; NKVD 1934-46; MGB 1946-53. 1991 Split into FSB (domestic) and FIS (foreign).

Kido Koin. 1833-77. Japanese statesman. Overthrew Shogunate 1868. Ended feudalism.

Kinsey, Alfred. 1894-1956. US sexologist. Sexual Behaviour 1948,53.

Koffka, Kurt. 1886-1941. German. Founder of Gestalt psychology. Köhler.

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