Brendan, St. 484-578. Celtic abbot, legendary Atlantic navigator to North America.

British North America Act. 1867. Granted Canada self-governing Dominion status.

Byrd, Richard. 1888-1957. US aviator, explorer. Flight over North Pole, 1926.

Caledonia. Roman name for north of Britain ≈Scotland.

Caliphate Empire. 632-1258. Moslem Empire founded by Muhammad. From Afghanistan to north Africa and Spain. Umayyad. Abbasid.

Canada. 1000 Norse visit. 1497 Cabot explores. 1534 French claim Quebec. 1583 English claim, settle Newfoundland. 1605 French settle Quebec. 1763 British conquer French territory. 1867 Independent Dominion. 1870 +northwest territories. 1871 +British Columbia. 1873 +PEI. 1949 +Newfoundland, Labrador.

Carpetbagger. 1865-77. Northern politicians in S US during Reconstruction.

Charles X Gustav. 1622-60. Swedish king 1654-. Gt. Northern War.

China. T’ang(leg). Yü (leg). c1994BC Hsia. c1500 Shang. c1027 Chou. 481 Warring States. 221 Ch’in. 202BC Han. 220 AD Three Kingdoms. 265 Chin. 386 Northern Dyn(N)/420 Southern Dyn(S). 581 Sui rebuild. 618 T’ang. 10C Five dyn/Ten kingdoms. 960 Sung. 1279 Yüan (Mongol). 1368 Ming. 1644 Ch’ing (Manchu). 1912 Republic. 1938-44 Japanese occupation. 1949 People’s Republic.

Cisalpine Republic. 1797-1802. North Italy, created by Napoleon. 1802 Italian Republic. 1805-15 Kingdom of Italy.

Craig, James. 1871-1940. First Prime Minister of Northern Ireland, 1921-.

Cuthbert, St. 635-87. Celtic monk, apostle to Northumbria.

Deira. 6C. Anglian kingdom in Northumbria.

Dogger Bank Incident. 1904. Russians sink British North Sea fishing trawlers believing them to be Japanese torpedo boats. Compensation paid. Russo-Japanese War.

Durham Report. 1839. Advocated colonial independence from Britain, BNA Act.

Dutch Revolt. 1566-79. Calvinist north vs Spanish Hapsburgs. United Provinces. Spanish Armada.

Eastern Orthodoxy. Branch of Christianity. East-West Schism.

Edmund I. 921-46. King of England 939-. Recaptured north England from Norse. Monastic revival.

Ezzelino III da Ramono. 1194-1259. Cruel ruler of northern Italy. Subject of Dante’s Inferno.

Flemings. Dutch speakers of north Belgium. Walloon.

French-Indian Wars. 1754-63. North American part of Seven Years War. France loses all possessions in Canada to Britain.

Frobisher, Martin. 1535-94. British navigator in search of North-West passage 1576.

Heptarchy. 5-9C. Seven kingdoms of Anglo-Saxon England: Kent, Essex, Sussex, Wessex, Mercia, E. Anglia, Northumbria. Frequent wars.

Ho Chi Minh. 1890-1969. North Vietnamese Communist President 1945-.

Hudson’s Bay Company. 1670-. England. Explored Canada. Sought NW passage. Trading posts. Fur trade. Monopoly 1821-58. Seven Oaks Massacre.

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