Western Samoa. Samoa. 1899 German. 1920 New Zealand League of Nations mandate. 1962 Independent.

Westminster Abbey. 7C Benedictine monastery. 1050-65 New Building, additions by Edward the Confessor; 1245 by Henry III. West towers 1745. Used for all British coronations since William I.

Willkie, Wendell. 1892-1944. New Deal critic. US Presidential candidate 1940. One World 1943.

WorldTradeCenter, 1972-2001. New York. Attacked 1993, destroyed September 11, 2001 by al-Qaeda terrorists. Osama bin Laden.

Yüan Shih-kai. 1859-1916. First president of Chinese Republic 1912-. Attempts to establish a new dynasty failed. Warlords.

Achaean League. 5-4C BC. Greek towns in common defence against pirates in Gulf of Corinth. 280-146BC. Model for federal government. Created to fight Macedonia. Dissolved by Romans.

Andromaque. Wife of Hector, model of conjugal and maternal love.

Ford, Henry. 1863-1947. US industrialist. Application of assembly line created affordable car. Model T 1908. Rivas.

Kitchen Debate. 1959. Nixon, Khrushchev impromptu debate in model kitchen display.

Model Parliaments. 1265, 1295. Convened by Montfort, Edward I. Models for British representative parliament.

Montfort, Simon de. c1208-65. English leader of revolt vs Henry III. Model Parliament was first representative parliament. Defeated and captured at Evesham 1265. Barons War.

Murphy, Gerald and Sara. 1920-33 US expatriates in Paris, Antibes. Parties, salons for artists and writers. Models for Fitzgerald’s Tender is the Night.

Nicholas of Flue, St. 1417-87. Model of compromise, reunited Swiss, 1481.

Oldcastle, John. c1378-1417. English soldier. Lollard heretic leader. Model for Falstaff.

Oxford University. 1115. Celebrated center of English learning. Charter 1214. Modelled on University of Paris.

Parliament. British Monarch, House of Lords and Commons. 1295 Model Parliament. 1688 Glorious Revolution. 1911 Parliament Act. Curia Regis. Name of legislatures of most former British colonies.

Retz, Gilles de. 1404-40. French Marshal. Joan of Arc companion. Tortured, killed 140 children. Model for Bluebeard.

Rhine, Confederation of. 1806-13. Bavaria and German states with constitution in French model.

St Peter’s. 1506-1615. Vatican Basilica. World’s largest. Tomb of St Peter. Bramante. Michelangelo. Raphael. Model for many government buildings.

Virginia Declaration of Rights. 1776. Model for US Bill of Rights.

Albert I. 1875-1932. King of Belgians, 1909. Led army WWI. Introduced universal male suffrage.

Baader-Meinhof Gang. (Red Army Faction). 1968-92. West German terrorists supported by Stasi.

Barras, Paul. 1755-1829. French Directory founder. Led Army of Interior.

Baylen, Battle. 1808. Spanish mob defeats French army, humiliating Napoleon.

Black Army. 1463-1500. Powerful Hungarian mercenary force.

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