Assad, Hafiz al-. 1928-2000. Syrian President 1971-. Supports Qadaffi, PLO. Anti-Israel.

Blaue Reiter (Blue Rider). 1911-14. Organization of Abstract Expressionist artists. Kandinsky. Klee.

CENTO. 1955-79. Central Treaty Organization. Based on Baghdad Pact 1955. Turkey, Iran, U.K., Palestine defence.

CGT. 1895. Confédération Générale du Travail. Largest French union organization.

Clan-na-Gael. 1883- US Irish terrorist organization.

COMECON. Council for Mutual Economic Assistance. 1949-91. USSR and satellites central planning organization.

Congregationalism. 1581-. Protestant Church organization of local churches governing themselves. Browne.

Daughters of the American Revolution. 1890-. Patriotic organization of revolutionaries’ descendants.

Disciples of Christ. c1810-. US Protestant organization urging ancient order of Christianity.

Dunbarton Oaks Conference. 1944. UN organizational meeting. Yalta. San Francisco.

ETA. 1970-. Basque terrorist separatist organization.

Food and Agriculture Organization. 1945- UN agency. Administers World Food Program.

Freemasons. Secret fraternal organization based on guilds, chivalry, religious orders. 1717 London Grand Lodge.

Grand Army of the Republic. 1866-1956. Political organization of American Civil War veterans.

Hunter’s Lodge. 1838. Secret US organization to overthrow British in Canada. 2 Attacks repulsed.

Knights of Columbus. 1882-. US RC men’s lay organization.

Knights of Labor. 1869-1917. Secret (-1879) US anti-capitalist labour organization. Haymarket. AFL.

Knights of the Golden Circle. 1859-66. Secret US organization of South supporters during Civil War.

Ku Klux Klan. KKK. 1867-71. Secret US White Supremacist terrorist organization. Founded by Forrest. 1915- Recreated by Simmons.

Lenin, Vladimir Illyich. 1870-1924. Russian Bolshevik revolutionary. Dictator 1917-. Created authoritarian, elite, disciplined organization.

Mafia. Cosa Nostra. 13C-. Sicilian crime organization.

NATO. North Atlantic Treaty Organization. 1949- Collective defence alliance of Western European and North Atlantic countries to preserve democratic freedom. UK, Canada, France, Belgium, Netherlands, Luxembourg, Norway, Denmark, Iceland, Italy, Portugal, US. 1952 Greece, Turkey, 1955 FRG. 1964 -Greece. 1966 -France. 1980 +Greece. 1982 +Spain. 1993 +France. 1999 +Poland, Hungary, Czech Republic. 2004 +Latvia, Estonia, Lithuania, Bulgaria, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia.

OAS. Organization of American States. 1948. Western Hemisphere organization for peace, security, and economic cooperation. Cuba expelled 1962.

OAU. Organization of African Unity. 1963. Formed to improve living standards and eliminate colonialism.

OCAS. Organization of Central American States. 1951-. For regional and economic unity. CACM.

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