Kyrle Society. 1875. Founded by Hill sisters to develop taste for literature and music among London poor.

Ladd, William. 1778-1841. US pacifist writer. Founder of US Peace Society 1828.

Lloyd’s. English insurance society created in Edward Lloyd’s Coffee House 1688.

Lycurgus. 9C BC. Totalitarian Spartan reformer. Created militaristic society.

Marcuse, Herbert. 1898-1979. German/US radical philosopher. Revolutionary change vs repressive society. One Dimensional Man 1964.

Masonic Society. Freemasons.

McLuhan, Marshall. 1911-80. Canadian author on effect of media on society. Gutenberg Galaxy. -“Global Village”.-“Medium is the message”.

Molly Maguires. 1835-55 Irish anti-landlord society. 1862-77 Irish terrorists in PA coal mining area.

Monasticism. Seeking of spiritual perfection by living apart from society.

Native Land Acts. 1862, 65-92. New Zealand abolishes tribal land ownership, destroying traditional Maori society.

Positivism. Knowledge based on senses alone. Personal knowledge. Natural laws lead to social engineering to secure a happy society. Comte. Mill. Spencer. Logical Positivism.

Quakers. 1647. Society of Friends. Protestant non-conformist sect, founded by Fox. Silently awaiting “Inward Light”. Penn.

Read, Herbert. 1893-1968. English critic, poet: Art and Society 1936.

Relativism, Ethical. What is right depends on what society or individual thinks is right.

Ribbonism. 1860-85. Irish agrarian secret societies vs Orange Society. Banned 1871.

Rosenkreuz, Christian. 15C. Legendary founder of Rosicrucian Society.

Rosicrucians. 17C- Society claiming ancient mystical knowledge. Rosenkreuz.

Rousseau, Jean-Jacques. 1712-78. Swiss Enlightenment philosopher and writer. Began Romantic Movement. Stimulated French and American Revolutions. On Equality 1753. Social Contract 1762 influenced French Revolution (offended authorities), Confessions 1782. Man is prevented from being free only by society and cold science. Goodness and bounty of nature. Goodness of man. Advocates direct democracy at City-State level and dictatorship above. Sovereignty rests with people. General will aims at best for all.

Royal Academy of Arts. 1768. 40 members. Based on Hogarth’s Society of Independent Artists.

Royal Society. 1660. English publisher of scientific Philosophical Transactions since 1665.

Royal Society of Arts. 1754.

Savonarola, Girolamo. 1452-98. Led Florence 1494- after Medici overthrow. Reformer against vice and corruption in the church and society. Burned books, paintings, luxuries. Hung+burned.

Shaw, George Bernard. 1856-1950. Irish socialist writer/dramatist of wit and satire. Man and Superman 1903. Pygmalian 1913. St. Joan 1923. Fabian.

Socialist Revolutionary Party. 1901-22. Russia. Sought classless society. Suppressed by Bolsheviks.

Society of Jesus. Jesuits.

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