Impressionism. 1867-86. European art movement named 1874 for Monet’s Impression Sunrise. Direct from nature with colors to render surfaces and lighting effects. Rejected primacy of subject. Renoir, Pissarro, Degas, Cezanne, Manet. Music: 1892-1910. Restraint and ambiguity. Mood music. Debussy.

Ireland, John. 1879-1962. English chamber music composer. Forgotten Rite 1913.

Isthmian Games. 582BC-393 AD. Corinthian athletic, musical competitions. Olympics.

Josquin des Prés. c1445-1521. Flemish composer of motets and masses. Advanced musical expressiveness. -“Father of Musicians”.

Kodály. 1882-1967. Hungarian composer and collector of folk melodies. Corpus Musicae 1951.

Kyrle Society. 1875. Founded by Hill sisters to develop taste for literature and music among London poor.

Lloyd Webber, Andrew. 1948-. British composer of popular musicals. Jesus Christ, Superstar 1971. Evita 1978. Cats 1981. Phantom of the Opera.

Love Generation. 1960-9. Term applied to hippies who rejected past values for instant pleasures of drugs and music.

Luther, Martin. 1483-1546. German Christian reformer opposed to indulgences. Wittenberg. -’Even if heaven and hell do not exist, education is important’ Justification by faith alone. Melanchthon. 95 Theses 1517. Treatise on Christian Liberty. New Testament translated to vernacular 1522. Catechisms 1529. Canticles 1533. Excommunicated 1520, burns Papal Bull. Choral composer: moral effects of music.

Machaut, Guillaume de. c1300-77. French composer of secular and church music in Ars Nova style.

Marsyas. Mythical Phrygian artist. Challenged Apollo to musical contest.

Medieval Music. 476-13C. Church oriented. Evolved from Plainsong to polyphonic.

Mendelssohn-(Bartholdy), Felix. 1809-47. German Classical Romantic melodic composer. Hebrides 1829.

Messiaen, Olivier. 1908-92. Revolutionary French composer. Experimented with Indian music, bird song, complex rhythms, unusual instruments.

Morley, Thomas. c1557-1603. English madrigal composer. Plaine and Easie Introduction to Practicall Music 1597.

Moulin Rouge. 1889. Parisian music hall of Belle Epoque immortalized by Toulouse-Lautrec.

Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus. 1756-91. Viennese Classical composer. European tour at age 6. Seemingly effortless compositions of symmetry and melody with emotional feeling. Marriage of Figaro 1786. Don Juan 1787. Magic Flute 1791.

Muses. Nine daughters of Zeus and Mnemosyne that preside over the areas of knowledge: Calliope-epics, Clio-history, Erato-love poems, Thalia-comedy, Melpomene- tragedy, Terpsichore-dance, Euterpe-music, Polyhymnia-sacred poems, Urania-astronomy.

Neapolitan. 17-18 C School of Music. Elegant, stylized opera, often weak in drama. Scarlatti.

Neoclassical. 17-18C. French-originated revival of classical order of arts, architecture. Order, balance, simplicity. Poussin. David. Molière. Adam. 1920-. Music based on 18C style + popular taste. Milhaud. Stravinsky. Les Six.

Notre-Dame. 12-13C School of early polyphonic music. Léonin.

Odeon. Athenian place of music and poetry competition. Parisian theater 1728.

Orpheus. Mythical Greek poet. Tamed animals with lyre. Music charmed underworld gods in bid to free wife.

Palestrina. 1525-94. Italian composer. Pioneer of chordal music. A capella choir 1585. Improperia 1560.

Parry, Hubert. 1848-1918. Led English music revival.

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