Speer, Albert. 1905-81. Architect, Nazi war production organizer.

SS. 1928-1945. Nazi police reporting directly to Hitler. Blackshirts. Gestapo. Himmler. SA.

Stalin, Joseph. 1879-1953. Soviet bloodthirsty revolutionary. Leader 1924-. 5 Year Plans modernized Russia. 1928 Collectivization. 1932- Dictator. 1936-8 Purge. Turned Marxism to Nationalism and Imperialism. World Socialist Revolution under USSR. 1952 abolished Politburo.

Stevenson, Adlai. 1900-65. US diplomat, United Nations founder.

Strasser, Gregor. 1892-1934. German Nazi leader, Hitler rival. Assassinated.

Streicher, Julius. 1885-1946. German Nazi leader. Executed.

Stresemann, Gustav. 1878-1929. German statesman. Gained entry to League of Nations.

Suez Canal. 1850BC First. 600BC Necho II. 500BC Darius I. 250BC Ptolemy II. 100 Trajan. 1859-69 Built by Lesseps. 1875 Britain buys 44%. 1956 Egypt Nationalizes.

Suez Crisis. 1956. Denied US finance for Aswan Dam, Egypt nationalizes canal. Israel invades Sinai. France, Britain try to retake canal. UN occupies Canal Zone.

Sukarno. 1901-70. Indonesian nationalist leader, president 1949-67. Sought communist ties. Authoritative ‘guided democracy’.

Sunderland, Earl of. 1674-1722. British Whig minister. South Sea National Debt scheme.

SWAPO. Southwest African People’s Organization for Namibian independence. 1960 Founded by Nujoma, Toiva vs South African hegemony. 1971 UN recognition.

Syria. c10000BC Natufians. c2300BC Akkadian. c1900 Amorite. 16C Egypt. 14C Hittite. 8C Assyria. 7C Babylon. 538 Achaemenid. 332 Alexander...301 Seleucid. 64BC Rome...395 Byzantine. 634 Moslem. 877 Egypt. 11C Seljuk 1098 Latin Empire(part). 12C Ayyubid. 1249 Mameluk. 1516 Ottoman. 1920 French League of Nations mandate. 1943 Independent. 1958 +Egypt = United Arab Republic. 1961 -Egypt=Syria. Damascus.

Taiwan. Indonesians. 1590 Portugal discovers = Formosa. 17C Dutch/Spanish settle. 1662 Chinese settle, expel Europeans. 1895 Japan. 1945 China. 1949 Independent as Republic of China. 1971 United Nations gives Taiwan’s seat to People’s Republic of China.

Tanganyika. Bantu. 18C Masai. 18-19C Slave source. 1871 Stanley, Livingstone. German East Africa. 1919 British mandate = Tanganyika. 1946 United Nations Trust. 1961 Independent. 1962 Republic. 1964 +Zanzibar=Tanzania. Nyerere.

Tangier. 15C BC Phoenicia. Carthage. Rome = Tingis. 429 Vandal. 541 Byzantine. 621 Visigoth. c682 Moslem. 1471-17C Spain, Portugal dispute. 1661 English. 1684 Morocco. 1923 International neutral port. 1940-45 Spanish occupy. 1956 Morocco.

Taoism. 6C BC Chinese philosophy. Lao-tzu wrote Tao-te-Ching. Natural course is through passivity, elimination of desire.

Tariff of Abominations. 1828 US protective tariff leads to Calhoun’s Nullification.

Temperance Movement. 1808 Begun in NY by women and churches. 1874 WCTU. 1890 Carry Nation. 1893 Anti-Saloon League. Prohibition.

Templars. 1119-1312. Founded by Baldwin II and 9 knights in the Holy Land to protect pilgrims. Created International banking system, 9,000 commanderies, and owned 1/4 of Paris when dissolved by Philip IV, 1307; and Edward II, 1308. Council of Vienne.

Tennis Court Oath. 1789. French Third Estate vows to obtain constitution. Declaration of authority of National Assembly.

Thant, U. 1909-74. Burmese statesman. UN Secretary General. 1962-71. Cuban Missile Crisis. Congo. Cyprus. Six Day War.

Third Estate. Part of States General 1789. National Assembly. French Revolution.

Three Principles of the People. 1923. Sun Yat-sen: Nationalism, freedom from Imperial rule; Democracy; Livelihood.

Togo. 17-19C Slave trade. 1884 German protectorate = Togoland. 1920 British(W)/ French(E) League of Nations mandate. 1957 British Togo +Gold Coast = Independent Ghana. 1960 French Togo independent = Togo.

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