Samoa. Melanesians. 1722 Dutch explore. 1830 British settle. 1856 German trade. 1899 Germany(W)/ USA(E) becomes Western Samoa, American Samoa.

Samos. Greek island birthplace of Pythagoras.

Samson. Old Testament Israelite judge, prophet. Lost sight and strength when Delilah cut off his hair.

Samudra Gupta. -c380. Hindu Indian Emperor. c330-. Expanded empire. Poet, musician, soldier.

Samuel. c11C BC. Israelite judge, prophet. Established Hebrew monarchy.

Samuel, Herbert. 1870-1963. British philosopher, statesman. Practical Ethics.

Samurai. 11C-1868. Japanese warriors. Basis of Shogun power.

San Francisco. 1769 Portola discovers bay. 1776 Mission founded. 1835 Yuerba Buena cove settled. 1846 US. 1847 = San Francisco. 1906 Earthquake, fire kill 315.

San Francisco, Conference. 1945. Signing of United Nations charter.

San Francisco, Peace. 1951. Japanese 1854 borders restored.

San Ildefonso, Treaty. 1796. France, Spain allied vs England. 1801 Secret exchange: Louisiana to France, Etruria to Spain.

San Jacinto, Battle. 1836. Mexican defeat means Texas indepence. Mexican War.

San Juan Boundary Dispute. 1846-72. Britain/US. San Juan islands to US.

San Juan Hill, Battle. 1898. Part of Battle of Santiago. US defeat Spain in Cuba. Roosevelt. Rough Riders.

San Marino. 301 St Marinus the Dalmation settles. 1463 expanded. 1600 Constitution. Oldest, smallest independent republic.

San Martin, José de. 1778-1850. South American independence leader with Bolivar vs Spain in Argentina, Chile, Peru.

San Remo Conference. 1920. Treaty of Sèvres.

San Stefano, Treaty. 1878. Ended Russo-Turkish War. Independence for Romania, Serbia, Montenegro, Bulgaria. Congress of Berlin.

Sancho III. c992-1035. King of Navarre 1000-. Unified Spain. Re-divided it in his will.

Sanctuary, Right of. Established 4C Rome. England until 1623 (criminal), 18C (civil). Europe until 1789. Asylum in church for 1 month.

Sand, George (Aurore Dupin). 1804-76. French writer. Lélia 1833. Mauprat 1837.

Sand Creek Massacre. 1864. Settlers ignore truce flag, kill Cheyenne Indians. = Chivington Massacre.

Sandburg, Carl. 1878-1967. US poet of the people. Chicago 1914.

Sandinistas. 1962-. Nicaraguan Communist guerilla group vs Somoza. Governed 1980-89, despite US Funded Contra rebellion.

Sandwich, Montagu, 4th earl. 1718-92. British politician. Invented sandwich 1762.

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