Pharos. 280BC-13C. Alexandria lighthouse. 135m high. Seven Wonders.

Phenomenalism. Matter is defined by sense experience.

Phenomenology. Philosophy. Analysis of phenomena without preconceptions by conscious mind. Husserl.

Phidias. c490-430BC. Greek sculptor. Parthenon frieze. 42 foot gold and ivory statue of Zeus at Olympia. 7 Wonders.

Philadelphia. Greek name for Amman, Jordan.

Philby, Kim. 1912-88. British/Soviet double agent 1933-51. Escaped to USSR 1963. My Secret War 1968.

Philip. Metacom. -1676. Led Massasoit in King Philip’s War.

Philip I. 1052-1108. French king 1060-. Recovered Normandy for France.

Philip I. The Handsome. 1478-1506. King of Castile 1504-. Established Spanish Hapsburg line by marrying daughter of Ferdinand II.

Philip II. 382-336BC. General: unified Macedonia. Alexander’s father.

Philip II. 1165-1223. French Capetian king 1179-. 3rd Crusade. Conquered Flanders. Doubled France. Fought Richard the Lion Heart for Angevin Empire.

Philip II. 1527-98. Spanish king. Revolt, 1579. Married Mary I of England. Sent Armada against Elizabeth I, 1588. Counter-Reformation champion.

Philip IV. The Fair. 1268-1314. French Capetian king 1285-. Taxed Roman Catholic Church. Ended Templars.

Philip IV. 1605-65. Spanish king 1621-. Lost Portugal, Catalonia, Utrecht.

Philip V. 238-179BC. Macedonian king 221-. Defeated by Rome.

Philip V. The Tall. 1293-1322. French king 1316-. Succeeded over Joan by Salic Law.

Philip V. 1683-1746. First Bourbon king of Spain 1700-. Accession led to War of Spanish Succession, loss of Netherlands and Italian possessions. War of Polish Succession.

Philip VI. 1293-1350. French Valois king 1328-1350.

Philip the Good. 1396-1467. Valois Duke of Burgundy 1419-. Allied with England vs France.

Philippe Auguste Wall. 1210. First defensive wall around Paris.

Philippe de Champagne. Cartoonist 1631. Windows of St-Eustache.

Philippi, Battle. 42BC. Antony and Octavian beat republicans Brutus and Cassius.

Philippics. Acrimonious orations of Demosthenes against Philip II of Macedonia.

Philippine Insurrection. 1899-1902. Filipinos rebel vs US rule.

Philippine Revolution. 1896-8. For independence from Spain allowed US control. Insurrection.

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