Mehmed II. 1432-81. Ottoman sultan 1451~. Captured Constantinople 1453, ending Byzantine Empire. Conquered Anatolia, Greece, Aegean, most of Syria. Re-established Ottoman Empire.

Mehmed VI. 1861-1926. Last Ottoman Sultan 1918-22. Deposed by Ataturk.

Meiji. 1852-1912. Japanese Empire. 1867-. Modernization. New constitution. Abolished feudalism. Made Japan a world power. Ended isolationism. Tokugawa.

Mein Kampf. 1925-27. Hitler’s manifesto. “Bible” of Nazism.

Meir, Golda. 1898-1978. Israeli Labour Prime Minister 1969-74.

Meisenbach. Half tone engraving 1881.

Meissner. Tube transmitter 1913.

Meitner, Lise. 1878-1968. Austrian. First uranium fission 1938.

Melanchthon, Philip. 1497-1560. German Lutheran theologian educationist. Dogmatic Protestant 1521, introduced term. Augsburg Confession 1530. Ethics 1538.

Melba, Nellie. 1861-1931. Australian operatic soprano.

Melchites. 451-. Middle Eastern Roman Catholic sect with rites in Arabic, affirming Christ’s dual human/divine nature.

Melfi, Constitution of. 1231. Administrative law code of Sicily. Basis of later law codes.

Melilla. Spanish city on Moroccan coast conquered 1497. Berbers.

Mellon, Andrew. 1855-1937. US financier. Donated art, money to found National Gallery.

Melpomene. Greek Muse of tragedy.

Melville, Herman. 1819-91. US novelist. Moby Dick 1851.

Melville, Lord. 1742-1811. British minister under Pitt. Impeached, 1805; acquitted.

Memel. (Klaipeda). 1253 founded. 1410 German. 1919 Lithuania. 1939 Germany. 1945 USSR. 1991 Lithuania.

Memling, Hans. c1433-94. Flemish painter. Passion Triptych 1491.

Memnon. Ethiopian king killed at Troy by Achilles.

Memphis. 2686-2160BC. Capital of Egyptian Old Kingdom.

Menander. 342-292BC. Greek comic dramatist. Dyscolus 316BC.

Mencius. c371-289BC. Chinese. “2nd” Confucian sage. Man is innately good.

Mencken, H.L. 1880-1956. US iconoclast critic. American Language. Prejudices 1919-27.

Mendel, Gregor. 1822-84. Austrian abbot, botanist. Studied heredity. Genetics 1865.

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