DuBarry, Marie. 1746-93. Mistress of Louis XV. Guillotined.

Duchamp, Marcel. 1887-1968. French/US Dada artist.

East Anglia. 6C Anglo-Saxon kingdom. c870 Denmark. 917 England.

Eck, Johann. 1486-1543. Opposed Luther, Protestantism.

Eclecticism. 2C BC. Philosophical doctrine combining elements of various, sometimes contradictory, philosophies. Cicero.

Economic Crisis. 1873. Vienna stock market collapse leads to protectionism, Depression.

Eddy, Mary Baker. 1821-1910. US founder of Christian Science Religion. Wrote Science and Health 1875.

Edmund, St. -870. King of Anglia. Martyred. Remains moved to Bury St. Edmunds 903.

Edward VIII. 1894-1972. King of UK 1936. Abdicated to marry Wallis Simpson, became Duke of Windsor.

EFTA. European Free Trade Association. 1960. Free trade with EEC: Austria, Sweden, Norway, Finland, Iceland, Switzerland. Until joining EEC: Denmark, Portugal, UK.

Eleanor of Aquitaine. Divorced from Louis VII 1152 after accompanying him on Second Crusade. Married Henry II of England, bringing Aquitaine under English crown...Angevin Empire. Mother of Richard I. Led 1173 revolt vs husband, Henry II.

Eliot, George. (Mary Ann Evans). 1819-90. English psychological novelist: Adam Bede 1859; Silas Marner 1861. Translated Strauss.

Elizabeth, St. Mother of John the Baptist. Sister of Virgin Mary.

Ems Dispatch. 1870. Bismarck alters telegram from Wilhelm, causing Franco-Prussian War.

Engels, Friedrich. 1820-95. German socialist philosopher. Communist Manifesto 1848. Marx. Coined “Industrial Revolution” 1845. Finished Das Kapital 1894.

Erasmus, Desiderius. c1466-1536. Dutch Humanist ecclesiastic reform writer. Published first New Testament based on Greek, 1516. Reason over ignorance and superstition. Opposed Luther. Praise of Folly. Enchiridion: Christ requires of us nothing but a pure and sincere life.

Estonia. c1000BC Aesti. 9C- Vikings invade. 11,12C Russia, Denmark, Sweden invades. 1219 Denmark. 1346 Teutonic Knights buy. 16C Sweden/Poland/Denmark divide. 17C Sweden. 1721 Russian. 1918 Independent. 1919-33 Unstable governments. 1924 Failed Bolshevik revolution. 1934 Päts coup. 1940 USSR. 1991 Independent.

European Union. 1958 European Economic Community (EEC) of Belgium, France, W Germany, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands. To integrate economic development of members. 1967 =European Community (EC). 1973 +UK, Ireland, Denmark. 1981+Greece. 1985 -Greenland. 1986 +Spain, Portugal. 1990 +former E Germany. 1993 =European Union (EU). Maastricht Treaty. European Parliament. European Court of Justice.

Existentialism. Philosophy. Existence is concrete. Man has choice. Responsibility, freedom. Anti-conformism. Kierkegaard. Sartre. Heidegger.

Exuperantius, St. 3C Zurich martyr.

Fairfax, Thomas. 1612-71. English Parliamentarian Civil War general. Commander-in-Chief of New Model Army. Victor at Marston Moor.

Fatima. Portuguese site of pilgrimage since sighting of Virgin Mary by Santos1917.

Faust(us). c1540 German necromancer/astrologer who is said to have sold his soul to the devil. Goethe, Marlowe tragedies.

Fersen, Hans. 1755-1810. Swedish. Failed attempt to save Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette.

Ficino, Marsilio. 1433-99. Italian philosopher. Translated Greek classics to Latin. Theologia Platonicum 1482.

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