Sark. 1040 Norman. 1066 English fief. 1565 colonized. 1940-45 Germans occupy.

Sarmations. 4C BC-4C. Association of Iranian tribes in SW Russia, Balkans.

Satan. Fallen angel later identified with Zoroastran Ahriman, the spirit of evil. Lucifer. Beelzebub.

Saturn. Roman god of agriculture and civilization. = Cronus. Saturnalia festival influenced Christmas.

Satyr. Greek mythical man-goat. Pan. Sileni.

Savigny, Friedrich von. 1779-1861. German jurist, historian of Roman and medieval law. Modern system of civil law.

Savonnerie. 1604-1826. Royal French carpet makers incorporated into Gobelins.

Saxe, Maurice, comte de. 1696-1750. French commander, War of Austrian Succession.

Saxe-Coburg-Gotha. German dynasty includes Belgian Leopold I 1831-; Albert, Prince-Consort, England. 1840-; Ferdinand, Prince-Consort, Portugal. 1836-; Prince of Bulgaria 1887-1946.

Saxo Grammaticus. 12-13C. Writer of early Danish history. Hamlet 1213. Gesta Danorum.

Saxon Dynasty. Kings of Germans 919-, Holy Roman Empire 962-1024.

Saxons. 5C. Germanic people colonized France, England. 8C Widerkind defeated by Charlemagne on continent.

Saxony. 843 «East Frankish Kingdom. 919-1024 Ruled HRE. 1180 Divided. 1697 Elector (King) of Poland. 1785 Fürstenbund. 1806 Napoleon creates Kingdom. 1815 Half to Prussia. 1815 German Confederation. 1835 Zollverein. 1867 North German Confederation. 1871 German Empire. 1918 Abolished monarchy. 1920 Republic. 1933 Germany.

Scaevola, Quintus. -82BC. Roman consul. Law limiting citizenship led to Social War.

Scandberg. 1404-68. Albanian prince, raised as hostage in Turkey. Led Albanians vs Turks 1444-66.

Scarron, Paul. 1610-60. French dramatist, novelist. Le Roman Comique 1651-9.

Sceptics. We can know nothing more than the fleeting images of consciousness. Most is unknowable. Pyrrho.

Schacht, Hjalmar. 1877-1970. German financier. Halted ruinous inflation 1923. President of Reichsbank 1929-39. Minister of Economy 1934-7.

Scheidemann, Philipp. 1865-1939. First chancellor of Weimar Republic 1918.

Scheidt, Samuel. 1587-1654. German Reformation organ composer.

Schein, Johann. 1586-1630. Reformation composer. Introduced Italian Baroque to German music.

Schelling, Friedrich. 1775-1854. German Idealist philosopher. -’artist is superior to thinker’.

Schema de Parvo. 1870. Roman Catholic catechism.

Schiaparelli, Giovanni. 1835-1910. Italian ’discoverer’ of non-existent canals on Mars.

Schiller, Friedrich. 1759-1805. German Romantic writer of historical dramas and lyric poetry. Popularized William Tell 1804. -“inner direction” Wallenstein 1800.

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