Consulate. 1799-1804. Napoleon’s military triumvirate after Directory overthrown.

Continental System. 1806-12. Napoleon’s European embargo vs Britain. Russian refusal led to 1812 Campaign. British retaliation led to Anglo-American War 1812.

Dabrowski, Jan. 1755-1818. Polish general under Napoleon, hero in rebellion vs Russia.

Dresden, Battle. 1813. Last major Napoleonic victory in Germany.

Dufour, Henri. 1787-1875. Swiss General with Napoleon. Led 1864 Geneva Convention.

Eckmühl. Battle. 1809. Bavaria. Napoleon’s victory over Austria who lose German support.

Egypt. 3100BC Menes unites. 2780 Old Kingdom. 2600 First pyramid. 2040 Middle Kingdom. 1570 New Kingdom. 663 Assyria. 525 Persia. 332 Alexander...323 Ptolemy. 30BC Rome...395 Byzantine. 642 Moslem. 1250 Mameluk. 1517 Ottoman. 1798 Napoleon. 1805 Ottoman. 1882 British occupy. 1914 British protectorate. 1922 Indepedent monarchy. 1952 Coup. 1953 Republic. 1958-61 UAR.

Egyptian Campaign. 1798-9. Napoleon invades.

Élysée Palace. 1718. Site of Napoleon’s abdication 1815. French president’s residence since 1873.

Empire. First. France under Napoleon I 1804-14. 2nd. Napoleon III, 1852-70.

Empire. Style of Art. 1804-14. Classical heroic grandiose trend from Napoleon’s court. Arc de Triomphe, 1806.

Enghien, Duc d’. Prince of Condé. 1772-1804. Executed for alleged plot against Napoleon.

Favre, Jules. 1809-80. French statesman. Opposed Napoleon III.

Fontainebleau, Treaty. 1807. Established Napoleon’s right to march on Portugal through Spain.

Frederick VI. 1769-1839. King of Norway and Denmark, 1808-. Sided with Napoleon. Lost Norway to Sweden.

French Revolution. 1789-99. Monarchy overthrown. Republic established 1792. Caused by Absolutism, financial crisis, Enlightenment. Terror. Napoleon. French Revolutionary Wars.

French Revolutionary Wars. 1792-1802. France vs European powers who opposed Revolution. Napoleonic Wars. Coalition. Pillnitz.

Gneisenau, August. 1760-1831. Prussian general vs Napoleon.

Grande Armée. 1805-12. Napoleon’s 1,000,000 man army; combined smaller armies for central control.

Gros, Antoine. 1771-1835. French painter of Napoleon’s military career.

Hardenberg, Karl von. 1750-1822. Prussian chancellor 1810- during Napoleonic Wars. Citizenship to Jews.

Hospitallers, Knights. 11C-. Order of St. John. First devoted to aid of pilgrims to Holy Land. Prominent in crusades. Bought Rhodes 1309. Expelled by Ottomans, 1522. Given Malta by Charles V, 1530. Expelled by Napoleon, 1798. = Knights of Malta.

Hundred Days. 1815. March 20 to July 8; Napoleon’s escape from Elba to his second abdication. 1933. Began Roosevelt’s administration. New Deal enacted.

Income Tax. Britain: 1193 Walter to ransom Richard I. 1799-1815 To finance war vs Napoleon. 10% over £200; 1842 Peel 3%. US: 1862-72 3% over $800 (5% if outside US); 1913 over $3000 only.

Jena-Auerstadt, Battles. 1806. Napoleonic victories over Prussians led to fall of Berlin.

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