Val-de-Grace. Paris. 1645-1667. Built by Anne of Austria to thank God for birth of Louis XIV after 23 childless years of marriage. Mansart.

Aboukir, Battle. Nelson defeats French fleet, 1798. Napoleon defeats Turks, 1799.

Alexander I. 1777-1825. Russian Czar, 1801-. Liberal reformer. Defeated Napoleon. Holy Alliance.

Arc de Triomphe. Paris monument. Commissioned 1806 by Napoleon. Completed 1836.

Aspern-Essling, Battle. 1809. First important loss for Napoleon.

Augereau, Pierre. 1757-1816. Marshal under the Napoleonic Empire.

Austerlitz, Battle. Moravia. Napoleon defeats Austrians and Russians, Dec 2, 1805. Peace with Austria.

Bassano. 1796. Victory of Napoleon over the Austrians.

Bautzen, Battle. 1813. Napoleon defeats Prussians.

Baylen, Battle. 1808. Spanish mob defeats French army, humiliating Napoleon.

Berlin Decree. 1806. Napoleon announces Continental System blockading Britain.

Bonaparte, Jerôme. 1784-1860. King of Westphalia 1807-13. Marshal of France. Napoleon’s brother.

Bonaparte, Joseph. 1768-1844. King of Naples 1806-8. King of Spain 1808-13. Napoleon’s brother.

Bonaparte, Napoleon. Napoleon I.

Borodino, Battle. 1812. Napoleon defeats Kutuzov on way to Moscow.

Brumaire, Coup of 18. Napoleon abolished Directory, est’d Consulate.

Bulow, Friedrich. 1755-1816. Prussian general against Napoleon.

Cadoudal, Georges. 1771-1804. French Royalist leader. Plotted Napoleon’s assassination. Executed.

Campo Formio, Peace. 1797. Austria surrenders to Napoleon. Independent Venice abolished.

Castiglione. 1796. Napoleonic victory kept Austria out of Italy.

Chesterton, G.K. 1874-1936. English satirical essayist/novelist: Napoleon of Notting Hill 1904. “Socialism aims to take capital out of the hands of the few and put it into the hands of the fewer-the politicians.”

Cisalpine Republic. 1797-1802. North Italy, created by Napoleon. 1802 Italian Republic. 1805-15 Kingdom of Italy.

Coalition, Wars of. 1792-1815. European powers oppose France’s revolutionary ideas and expansion. French Revolutionary Wars. Napoleonic Wars. Third Coalition War.

Code Napoleon. 1804. Napoleonic Code.

Concordat. 1801-1905. Regulation of French church instituted by Napoleon.

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