Finland. 7C Finns settle, displace Lapps. 1157 Sweden. 1809 Grand Duchy of Russia. 1919 Indepependent republic.

Firearms. 1247 used at Siege of Seville.1327 Edward III uses canon vs Scots. 1364 Perugia First handguns. 1640 Flintlock.

Five Dynasties. 907-60. China between T’ang and Sung dynasties. Upheaval stimulated arts. Art to represent metaphysical truth.

Fizeau, Armand. 1819-96. French physicist. Measured speed of light, 1849.

Flamsteed, John. 1646-1719. First Astronomer Royal of England, 1675.

Flanders. Historical region of France, Belgium, Neth. 13C Cloth industry. Ghent. Bruges.

Fleming, Alexander. 1881-1955. Scottish doctor, dicoverer of penicillin 1928. Florey, Chain.

Fleming, Sir Sandford. 1827-1915. Scottish/Canadian scientist, engineer. CPR. Standard Time zones 1884.

Flodden, Battle. 1513. Repelled Scotish invasion of England. James IV of Scotland killed.

Flood, Great. c3000BC. Destruction of man and world by God. Forty days and night. Noah. Gilgamesh.

Florence, Union of. 1439. Brief reconciliation of Roman Catholic and Greek Orthodox Churches.

Florentine. School of Painting. 1270 Academy of Fine Arts. Express humanist ideas through art. Realism and chiarascuro. DaVinci, Michelangelo, Raphael.

Florey, Howard. 1898-1968. British. Isolated Penicillin with Chain,1928. Fleming.

Foch, Ferdinand. 1851-1929. French Supreme Allied Leader on W Front, 1918. Marne. WWI.

Food and Agriculture Organization. 1945- UN agency. Administers World Food Program.

Ford, Ford Madox. 1873-1939. English writer and editor. Transatlantic Review 1924.

Foreign Ministers, Council of. 1945. Allies and Axis meet to create WWII Peace treaties.

Four Forest Cantons. 1291 separated from Hapsburg rule. 1332 formed basis of Switzerland.

Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse. Biblical reference to war, famine, death, and Christ, to come at end of world.

Francis I. 1708-65. Holy Roman Emperor, 1745-. Husband of Maria Theresa. Wars of Polish and Austrian Succession.

Francis Ferdinand. 1863-1914. Austrian archduke assassinated in Sarajevo, provoking WWI.

Franciscans. 1209. Religious order founded by St. Francis of Assisi. Missionary and educational work. Includes Capuchins, Conventuals, Observants, Zealots.

Franco, Francisco. 1892-1975. Spanish general and ruthless Fascist dictator, 1939-. Spanish Civil War.

Frederick I. 1657-1713. Creator and first king of Prussia, 1701.

Frederick III. 1609-70. King of Norway and Denmark, 1648-. Lost much of territory to Sweden.

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