EFTA. European Free Trade Association. 1960. Free trade with EEC: Austria, Sweden, Norway, Finland, Iceland, Switzerland. Until joining EEC: Denmark, Portugal, UK.

Egbert. King of Wessex, 802-39. Temporary control of all England.

Egypt. 3100BC Menes unites. 2780 Old Kingdom. 2600 First pyramid. 2040 Middle Kingdom. 1570 New Kingdom. 663 Assyria. 525 Persia. 332 Alexander...323 Ptolemy. 30BC Rome...395 Byzantine. 642 Moslem. 1250 Mameluk. 1517 Ottoman. 1798 Napoleon. 1805 Ottoman. 1882 British occupy. 1914 British protectorate. 1922 Indepedent monarchy. 1952 Coup. 1953 Republic. 1958-61 UAR.

Eighty Years War. 1568~1648. Netherlands wins indep from Spain.

Eire. Ireland, Republic.

Eisenhower, Dwight D. 1890-1969. Commander-in-Chief of Allied Armies in Europe 1943-5. US president 1953-61.

Eisenstein, Sergei. 1898-1948. Russian filmmaker: Potemkin 1925. Alexander Nevsky 1938.

Eistedfodd. 6C-. Congress of Welsh bards and minstrels to foster patriotic spirit.

Eleanor of Aquitaine. Divorced from Louis VII 1152 after accompanying him on Second Crusade. Married Henry II of England, bringing Aquitaine under English crown...Angevin Empire. Mother of Richard I. Led 1173 revolt vs husband, Henry II.

Eleusinian Mysteries. Secret Greek ritual to honour Demeter and Persephone.

Elizabeth I. 1533-1603. Queen of England, 1558-. Stable, prosperous reign of literature and art. Restored Protestantism. Supported them abroad.

Éloi, St. c588-660. Treasurer to Clotaire II and Dagobert. Goldsmith.

Emancipation Edict. 1861. Freed Russian serfs. Gave land allotment, paid by loans.

Emir. Moslem commander or governor.

Empire. Style of Art. 1804-14. Classical heroic grandiose trend from Napoleon’s court. Arc de Triomphe, 1806.

Empire of the West. 286-476. Rome and Western part of Roman Empire. Ends 476, Romulus Augustulus deposed.

Enclosure. Land divided, fenced for better yield, causing hardships for smaller farmers, peasants. English 15-16, 18-19C, Europe 18-20C.

Encyclopédists. 1751-72. Group who wrote encyclopaedia under Diderot. Voltaire, Helvetius, D’Alembert. As sceptics, they popularized social ideas which led to the French Revolution.

England. c1800BC Beaker folk. 8C BC Celt. 150BC Belgae. 55BC-407 Rome. 5C Anglo-Saxon Heptarchy. 9C Dane(N,E). 10C A-S/Dane. 1042 Anglo-Saxon. 1066 Norman. 1204 -Normandy. 1707 Great Britain. 1801 United Kingdom.

Ensor, James. 1860-1949. Belgian painter and engraver. Pessimistic fantasy and social commentary.

Entebbe. Uganda airport. Site of 1976 hijacking ended by Israeli commandos.

Entente Cordiale. 1904. Anglo-French agreement. Defined spheres of influence in Africa and Pacific allowing co-operation vs Germany.

Ephesus, Council. 431. Nestor debates Cyril. Monophysitism adopted.

Epicureanism. 306BC-. Goal is to maximize pleasure and minimize pain. Epicurus.

Epimetheus. Pandora’s husband.

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