Bath, Order of. 1399. A British knighthood.

Bathory, Elizabeth. -1614. Hungarian Countess. Bathed in blood of 600 young girls to rejuvenate.

Batista, Fulgencio. 1901-73. Authoritarian Cuban right-wing dictator 1933-4, 52-8. Toppled by Castro.

Becket, St. Thomas à. 1118-70. Archbishop of Canterbury 1162-, murdered in Cathedral by Henry II’s knights.

Beethoven, Ludwig van. 1770-1827. German composer expressing emotions in music. Tone poet. Developed form and structure. “The Shakespeare of music”. 9 Symphonies. Eroica 1804. 5th 1807. 9th 1824.

Beghards. 13C. Catholic men’s charitable communities. Condemned 1311.

Béguines. 12C- Belgian Catholic women’s charitables communities. Condemned 1311. Still exist.

Bell Book and Candle. Roman Catholic excommunication.

Bellarmine, St. Robert. 1542-1621. Italian Jesuit defender of RC church vs Protestantism, Copernican theory, heretics. Galileo.

Benedictines. 529-. RC monastic order. Spread Christianity. Preserved Latin culture.

Berg, Alban. 1885-1935. Austrian opera composer. Adopted 12-note method. Atonal-tonal fusion. Wozzeck 1925.

Bernanos, Georges. 1888-1948. French Catholic polemic writer against materialism. Diary of a Country Priest 1937.

Berthollet, Claude. 1749-1822. French chemist. Chlorine Bleach 1785. Ammonia 1785.

Bérulle, Cardinal Pierre. 1575-1629. Founder of Oratory. ‘French’ school of spiritual thought. Congregation of priests...Lazarites. Congregationalists.

Blood, Thomas. 1628-80. Attempted to steal British crown jewels 1671.

Bocskay, István. 1557-1606. Hungarian rebel vs HRE Catholicism. Gained Transylvania from Rudolf II. Vienna Peace, 1606.

Bollandists. 1629-. Belgian Jesuits. Update Acta Santorium, (Lives of Roman Catholic saints).

Boswell, James. 1740-95. Scottish author. Life of Samuel Johnson 1791.

Boucher, Francois. 1703-70. French mythological and landscape painter. Louis XV Rococo Style. Mme de Pompadour favourite. “Decorator of Boudoirs”. Déjeuner 1738.

Bourgeoisie. French merchant, craft class. Marxist term for those who do not live by the sale of their labour. Proletariat.

Bowdler, Thomas. 1754-1825. English publisher of expurgated Family Shakespeare 1818.

Boyne, Battle. 1690. James II attempts to retake throne; defeated by William III, ending Catholic Stuart power in Ireland. Celebrated by Orangemen, Jul 12.

Breitenfeld, Battles. 1631,42. Swedish victories over Catholic League in 30 Years War. Sweden a great power.

British Museum. World’s largest museum. Building 1823-52. Founded 1753 from Sloane Collection legacy. Elgin Marbles. Rosetta Stone.

Broca, Paul. 1824-80. French pathologist; discovered brain’s speech center.

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