Communist Manifesto. 1848. Marx and Engels call for Proletariat to control business and government.

Comoros. 8C Moslem. 1527 Europeans explore. 1886 France. 1975 Independent.

Concentration Camps. 1862-65 USA. 1899-1902. British internment of Boers in South Africa. 1922-91. USSR. 1933-45 Nazi prisons for extermination and slave labour. Buchenwald. Auschwitz. Dachau. 1942-6 US Relocation Centers. 1942-46 Canada. 1950’s Kenya. 1973 Chile.

Concordat. Ecclesiastic treaty between church and state.

Concordat. 1801-1905. Regulation of French church instituted by Napoleon.

Condé, Louis I de Bourbon, Prince. 1530-60. Led Amboise Conspiracy.

Condottieri. 14-15C. Ineffective Italian mercenary leaders.

Congo. 1482 Portugal explore. 1880 French settle(N). 1885 Belgium(S). 1910 «French Equatorial Africa. 1960 Independent. 1971 =Zaire. 1997 =Democratic Republic of Congo. Mobutu.

Congress, US. Senate and House of Representatives. Legislative branch of government.

Congress Poland. 1815-64. Polish Kingdom created by Congress of Vienna. Ruled by Russian Czar.

Conrad, Joseph. 1857-1924. Polish/English novelist emphasizing relations between people and circumstances. Lord Jim 1900. Heart of Darkness 1902.

Conscience, Hendrik. 1812-83. Romantic novelist; developed Flemish novel.

Constable, John. 1776-1837. English Naturalist landscape painter. Hay Wain 1821. Valley Farm. Waterloo Bridge 1831.

Constance, Council. 1414-18. Ended Great Schism. Church council victory over papal power. Martin V elected pope.

Constantine I. 274-338. Roman Emperor 306-, established Christianity as official religion. Moved capital to Constantinople. United state and church.

Constantinople. Byzantium. Now Istanbul.

Constantinople, Fall of. 1453. Mehmed II. Name changed.

Constantinople Agreements. 1915. Secret French/British pact to give Dardanelles to Russia after WWI. Bolsheviks repudiated all previous treaties, but publicized secret ones-embarrassing.

Constitutional Convention. 1787. Philadelphia. Amended Articles of Confederation. Constitution.

Consulate. 1799-1804. Napoleon’s military triumvirate after Directory overthrown.

Continental System. 1806-12. Napoleon’s European embargo vs Britain. Russian refusal led to 1812 Campaign. British retaliation led to Anglo-American War 1812.

Contraceptive Pill. 1952 Available.

Convention of 1818. Established 49th parallel as US-Canada border.

Cook, James. 1728-79. English explorer. Sailed to Tahiti to see transit of Venus, 1768. Charted New Zealand 1769. Claimed Australia 1770.

Copenhagen, Battle. 1801. Nelson destroys Danish fleet. 1807. British bomb Copenhagen.

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