Bernstein, Leonard. 1918-90. US conductor/ composer. West Side Story 1957.

Berry, Jean, duc de. 1340-1416. Regent of France for Charles VI. Policies caused Peasants Revolt 1381-4. Patron of arts. Limburg.

Bertha of the Big Foot. -783. Mother of Charlemagne.

Berthollet, Claude. 1749-1822. French chemist. Chlorine Bleach 1785. Ammonia 1785.

Bertin, Jean. 1917-75. French engineer. Jet silencers; air cushion vehicles.

Bérulle, Cardinal Pierre. 1575-1629. Founder of Oratory. ‘French’ school of spiritual thought. Congregation of priests...Lazarites. Congregationalists.

Besant, Annie. 1847-1933. English Theosophist. Founded Indian Home Rule League 1916.

Best, Charles. 1899-1978. Canadian. insulin discoverer. Banting.

Beurse, van der. 14C Brussels moneylender. Led to term, Bourse.

Beveridge Report. 1942. Advocated ‘cradle to grave’ social insurance in Britain.

Bevin, Ernest. 1881-1951. British labour leader, statesman. TUC. Initiated Colombo Plan.

Bhutan. Himalayan kingdom. 9C Tibet invaders settle. c1630 Independent. 17,18C Tibet invades. 1865 Part British 1907 Monarchy. 1910 British Protectorate. 1949 Indian Protectorate.

Bhutto, Ali. 1928-79. Pakistani leader 70-77. Deposed by Zia.

Biafra. 1967-70. Ojukwu-led Ibos try to secede from Nigeria resulting in famine.

Bible. Hebrew and Christian sacred scriptures translated from Hebrew and Aramaic. 3C BC Greek translation. 1382 Wycliffe, Rogers, English. 1522-34 Luther, German. 1611 King James version. Vulgate by St. Jerome. Apocrypha.

Bibliothèque Nationale. French National Library begun by Charles V collection now houses 20M works. 7M Books.

Biddle, John. 1615-62. Founded Unitarianism. 12 Arguments 1644.

Biedermeier. 1815-35. German bourgeois kitsch style of sentimental art and utilitarian furniture. Circular pedestal table.

Billettes. Brothers of Charity, 14C religious order succeeded by Carmelites.

Birch, John. -1945. US missionary killed in China. Cold War hero of John Birch Society.

Biron, Charles. 1562-1602. French marshal, beheaded for treason.

Bishops’ Wars. 1639. Scots vs Charles’ Anglicanism. 1640. Covenanters force Charles to call Long Parliament.

Bismarck, Otto von. 1815-98. Prince. Prussian Prime Minister 1862-90. Founded German Empire; First Chancellor 1871-90. Provoked Franco-Prussian War. Ems Dispatch. Schleswig.

Bjorko Treaty. 1905. Unimplemented military alliance between German Wilhelm II and Russian Nicholas II.

Black Hawk War. 1832. US decimates Sauk/Fox tribes. Illinois, Iowa Indians flee west.

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