German-Soviet Pact. 1939-41. Nonaggression agreement. Divided Poland, Baltic between USSR/Germany. Left Hitler free to invade Poland, starting WWII.

Ghana. 1957 Gold Coast + British Togoland =Ghana. 1960 Republic. 1981 Dictator.

Ghirlandaio, Dominico del. 1449-1494. Florentine painter. Frescoes. Birth of the Virgin 1485-90.

Gibbons, Orlando. 1583-1625. English polyphonic composer.

Gilbert, Humphrey. c1539-83. Claimed Newfoundland for England, 1583.

Gladstone, William. 1809-98. English Liberal reform Prime Minister 1868~94. Secret ballot. Public Education. Irish land reforms.

Godwin. -1053. English Earl. Exiled 1051. Invaded England 1052.

Gold Coast. 1481 Portugal. 1642 Dutch. 1874 Britain. 1957 Independent +British Togoland = Ghana.

Grand Alliance, War of. 1689-97. Spain, Sweden, England, Holy Roman Empire, Netherlands vs French expansionism. Negotiated Peace. King William’s War. Namur. Augsburg League.

Great Britain. 1707 Kingdom of England, Scotland, Wales. United Kingdom. Act of Union.

Greek Independence, War. 1821-29. Greek rebels, plus England, France, Russia defeat Turkey and Egypt. London Treaty. Otto I. Constantinople Treaty, 1832....End of Holy Alliance.

Greenland. 986-1482 Scandinavian. colony. 1721 Denmark. 1979 Home rule.

Gregorian Calendar. 1582. 11 Day correction and addition of non-leap centuries to Julian Calendar. Adopted 1752 England, 1918 Russia.

Guillotin, Joseph. 1738-1814. Recommended guillotine 1792. Earlier used in Scotland, England.

Gustav IV. Adolf. 1778-1837. Swedish king 1792-1809. Lost Finland. Overthrown.

Guthrie, Woody. 1912-67. Populist US singer. This Land is Your Land.

Haakon IV. 1204-63. Norwegian king 1217-. Added Greenland and Iceland 1262. Patron of Arts.

Habeas Corpus Act. 1679. England. Right of prisoner to appear in court before being imprisoned.

Hadrian. 76-138. Roman Emperor 117-. Built wall across England 122-36, Aelius Bridge 134. Rebuilt Greek cities.

Halifax, First Earl of. 1661-1715. English Whig statesman. Started National Debt. Established Bank of England. 1694.

Handfasting. 1 yr trial marriage, Scotland.

Hanover, Treaty. 1725. England, France, Prussia oppose Vienna Treaty.

Hapsburg. Dynasty ruled Austria 1278-1918, Spain 1516-1700, Holy Roman Empire 1273-1806, Netherlands. 1712-97, Hungary 1526~1918.

Harald I. c850-933. First Norwegian king 860-930. Colonized Iceland c874.

Harald III. Norwegian king 1047-66. Killed invading England.

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