Ramsay, William. 1852-1916. English chemist: discovered helium 1895; neon, krypton, xenon 1898.

Randolph, A. Philip. 1889-1979. US black civil rights/labor leader. March on Washington 1963.

Ranjit Singh. 1780-1839. Maharaja of Punjab. Founded Sikh kingdom in N India.

Ranke, Leopold von. 1795-1886. German scientific histographer.-“Historical events must be described in their own terms”.

Rankin, Jeanette. 1880-1973. First US Congresswoman. 1917-9, 1941-3. Only vote against declaring war on Japan. WWII.

Rapallo Treaty. 1920. Italy,Yugoslavia establish free city of Rijeka, settle borders. 1922 Normalized relations of Germany, USSR. Cancelled war indemnities.

Raskolniki. Old Believers.

Rasmussen, Knud. 1879-1933. Danish arctic explorer.

Ravenna. 402 Western Roman Empire capital. 476 Ostrogothic capital of Italy. 553 Byzantine. 751 Lombard. 754 Franks. 1278 Papal States. 1441 Venice. 1509 Papal States. 1859 Sardinia. 1861 Italy.

Rayburn, Sam. 1882-1961. US Democratic Speaker of House. 48 yrs. in House of Representatives.

Red River Colony. 1812 Selkirk. Wars vs Métis -1821. 1836 Hudson Bay Co. 1870 =Manitoba. Riel. Seven Oaks.

Reed, John. 1887-1920. US communist writer. Ten Days that Shook the World 1919.

Reform Bills. England. 1832: Russell redistributes Parliamentary seats, enfranchises renters. 1867: Disraeli enfranchises workers in towns. 1884: Gladstone enfranchises agricultural workers. Representation of People Acts.

Reformation. 16C religious movement against practices of Roman Catholic church led to founding of Protestant churches. Luther. Calvin. Knox. Zwingli. Henry VIII.

Regency. 1800-30. Georgian Classicist architecture with tinge of exotic from the Empire. Stucco facing on brick. Nash. Soane. Hope. Sheraton. Decorative Arts: Neoclassical, Egyptian motifs.

Reginald of Châtillon. -1187. Crusade leader. Broken truce led to new war. Kingdom of Jerusalem lost.

Rehoboam. -c914BC. Last king of united Israel. First king of Judah.

Reich, First. Term applied retroactively to HRE by Bruck.

Reich, Second. 1871-1918. German Empire under Kaisers William I, II.

Reichskammergericht. 1495-1806. Supreme Court of Holy Roman Empire.

Relativism, Ethical. What is right depends on what society or individual thinks is right.

Remak, Robert. 1815-65. Cell division 1852.

Remus. Twin brother of Romulus; legendary founders of Rome. Killed by Romulus after jumping over town wall.

Renner, Karl. 1870-1950. Austrian republican leader and president. Supported union with Germany before WWII.

Republic, Council of the. 1917. Russian provisional government. Eliminated by Bolsheviks.

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