Oman. 1508 Portugal discovers. 1659 Turkey. 1741 Said dynasty. Zanzibar.

Omar Khayyam. c1027-1123. Persian mathematician/ poet: Rubaiyat. Specific gravity of gold 1061.

Omnibus. 1829 London. 1904 Double decker. 1911 Last horse drawn bus.

Omri. -c872BC. King of Israel c884-. Established capital at Samaria.

Opium Wars. 1839-42 Hong Kong ceded to Britain. 1856-60. French, British force China to open trade, legalize opium. Demonstrated European weapon superiority. Nanking Treaty.

Oradour-sur-Glane. 1944. Germans kill residents, burn town. 10 survivors of 652.

Ordeal, Trial by. -1219. English common form of trial. eg: fire, battle, dunking.

Orestes. Electra’s brother. Killed mother and her lover to avenge death of his father, Agamemnon.

Origen. c185-254. Alexandrian. Sought to justify Christianity in terms of Greek philosophy. On First Principles.

Orion. Greek mythical hunter.

Oriskany, Battle. 1777. British ambush Americans.

Orléans, Louis Philippe, duc d’. 1747-93. Became Citizen Égalité 1892. Joined Third Estate. Father of King Louis-Philippe.

Ormonde, Duke of. 1610-88. Irish Stuart supporter during Civil War.

Orpheus. Mythical Greek poet. Tamed animals with lyre. Music charmed underworld gods in bid to free wife.

Orphic Mysteries. 547BC-. Ascetic Greek cult.

Osborne, John. 1929-94. ‘Angry’ English playwright. Entertainer 1951. Look Back in Anger 1956.

Oscar I. 1799-1859. King of Norway and Sweden 1844-. Liberal reforms.

Osceola. c1804-38. Seminole leader. Arrested at truce talks.

Osman I. 1258-1326. Turkish founder of Ottoman Empire 1299. Conquered Byzantium.

Ostrogoths. Germanic peoples. 3C Ukraine kingdom. 406 kingdom in Italy. 370 conquered by Huns. 493 conquered Italy. 555 dispersed by Justinian. Goths.

Oswald. St. -641. King 633-, reunited Northumbria.

Oswald, Lee Harvey. 1939-1963. Kennedy assassin; killed by Ruby.

Oswy. -670. King of Bernicia 641-, Northumbria 655-. United most of S. England.

Otakar II. -1278. King of Bohemia 1252-. Killed at Dürnkrut opposing HRE Rudolf I.

Otto, Nikolaus. 1832-91. Built 4 Cycle engine 1876.

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