Artois. 5C Franks. 9C Flanders. 1180 France 1329 Burgundy, Austria. 1659 France.

Aryans. 2000BC. Nomads from Steppes spread to India. Founded Indus Civilization, 3240-2750BC. Hyksos Empire in Syria, 1720-1550BC. Introduced horse chariots. Basis for all Indo-European languages.

Asclepius. Greek god of healing. Killed by Zeus to prevent immortality of man. Son of Apollo.

Ashanti Empire. 17-19C Ghana kingdom. Supplied slaves to traders.

Ashikaga. 1338-1573. Japanese Shogunate. Overthrew Emperor.

Ashkenazi. 1534-72. Cabalistic Jewish scholar. Established Safed center of learning, Palestine.

Ashurbanipal. Assyrian king 669-626BC. Lost Egypt. Built Nineveh Library-22,000 clay tablets.

Ask. First man in Norse mythology. Embla.

Aske, Robert. -1537. Led Pilgrimage of Grace against Henrician Reformation.

Asoka. 269-232BC. Indian Maurya Emperor. Buddhist convert, missionary.

Asturias. Former Spanish kingdom. 3-2C BC Rome. 5C Visigoth. 718-910 Only Christian kingdom on Iberia. 910 + León.

Atalanta. Greek huntress beaten in race by Hippomenes.

Atatürk (Mustafa Kemal). 1881-1938. Turkish founder, first president, 1923. 1919-22 drove Greeks out. Major reforms to modernize Turkey.

Ate. Greek goddess of mischief.

Athanagild. ~567. Visigoth King of Spain. Ended persecution of Catholics.

Athelstan. 895-939. First king of all England 925-. Regulated Royal Mint 928.

Athena. Greek goddess of wisdom. = Minerva.

Athens. 3000BC. 6C BC growth. 5C decline. 4C Macedonia (aut). 27 BC Rome. 1458 Ottoman. 1834 Greek capital.

Athos, Mt. 963-. Greek theocracy, site of Orthodox monasteries.

Atlantic, Battle. 1939-45. Unsuccessful German attempt to blockade Britain, WWII.

Atlantic Cable. 1866. Telegraphic link between North America and Europe.

Atlantis. Legendary island which disappeared after earthquake.

Atlas. King of Titans, turned into a mountain to support the sky.

Atom Bomb. 1945 US. 1949 USSR. 1952 Britain. 1960 France. 1964 China. 1974 India. 1989 South Africa (dismantled). 1998 Pakistan. ? Israel. 1990s Argentina, Brazil. Soon: Iraq, Iran, North Korea. H-Bomb. Neutron Bomb.

Atreus. King of Mycenae. Father of Agamemnon and Menelaus.

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