Kublai Khan. 1215-94. First Mongol Emperor. Conquered China. Established Yüan dynasty.

Kuchuk Kainarji, Treaty. 1774. Ottomans restore Black Sea ports to Russia. Independent Crimea.

Kukai. 774-835. Japanese Buddhist. Evolved “True Word” philosophy. 10 Stages of Consciousness.

Kulikovo, Battle. 1380. Russia defeats Golden Horde, ending Tatar rule.

Kulturkampf. c1871-87. Bismarck tries to control Roman Catholic Church. Accomodation reached.

Kuomintang. KMT. 1911-49. Chinese nationalist party in power 1928-49. Founded by Sun Yat-sen. Overthrew Manchu dynasty. Expelled to Taiwan by Communist Party. Chiang Kai-shek.

Kurds. Sunni Moslem Taurus, Zagros Mountain peoples of Kurdistan, central Asia. 1925 rebelled in Turkey. 1922,44,63 rebelled in Iraq. Persecuted in Turkey, Iraq, Iran. Saladin. Sevres Treaty.

Kuril Island. Japanese to 1945. Given to USSR by Yalta Agreement.

Kushan. 78-220. Dynasty ruling Afghanistan, north India.

Kutuzov, Mikhaïl. 1745-1813. Russian general. Repelled Napoleon, 1812.

Kuwait. 1710 Arabs settle. 1899 British protectorate. 1961 Independent. 1963 Constitutional monarchy. 1990-91 Iraq occupation, Gulf War.

Kwang-hsü. 1872-1908. Chinese Emperor. 1875-. Aunt Tz’u-hsi regent except 1889 Hundred Days of Reform.

Kyd, Thomas. 1558-94. English playwright. First ‘revenge’ play: The Spanish Tragedy 1592.

Kyi, Aung San Suu. 1945-. Burmese. Leader of nonviolent movement for human rights in Myanmar. House arrest 1989-95.

Kyoto. Capital of Japan 794-1868.

Kyrgyzstan. 8C Arabs. 10-13C Kyrgyz settle from Siberia. 1758 China. 19C Uzbek. 1876 Russia. 1926 Kyrgyz SSR. 1991 Independent. CIS.

Kyrle Society. 1875. Founded by Hill sisters to develop taste for literature and music among London poor.

Labour Party. 1888 Scotland. 1890 NZ. 1891 Australia. 1900 Britain. 1930 Israel. Founded by unions, Fabians for democratic change towards socialism. First UK MPs elected 1906. First UK Labour government 1924.

LaCierva y Codorniu, Juan de. 1895-1936. Spanish. Invented autogiro 1923. First vertical take-off 1934.

Ladislaus I. 1040-95. King of Hungary 1077-. National hero, defeated Poles, Russians, Tatars. Conquered Croats.

Ladislaus II. 1350-1434. King of Poland, 1386-. Victories made Poland a power. Merged with Lithuania. Tannenberg.

Ladislaus III. 1424-44. Polish King 1434-. Ladislaus V of Hungary 1440-. Led 2 crusades vs Turks.

Lady of the Lake. Gave Excalibur to Arthur. Lived in castle under the lake.

Laertes. King of Ithaca. Odysseus’ father.

Laissez-Faire. Motto of 19C liberals calling for free markets and trade. Smith. “Laissez-faire, laissez-passer, laissez-aller”-Legendre 1680.

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