Pharsalus, Battle. 48BC. Caesar defeats Pompey.

Pilate, Pontius. -c39. Roman governor of Judea, who allowed Christ’s crucifixion.

Polignac, Auguste de. 1780-1847. French minister to Charles X. Disolved Chamber of Deputies, causing July Revolution 1830.

Pompeius, Sextus. 67-35BC. Pompey’s son. Fought Caesar after father’s death.

Pompey. 106-48BC. Roman triumvir with Caesar and Crassus; defeated by Caesar.

Ponce de León, Juan. 1460-1521. Spanish discoverer of Florida 1513. Sought fountain of youth.

Prim y Prats, Juan. 1814-70. Spanish. Helped overthrow Isabella 1868.

Procrustes. Greek robber. Adjusted victims to his bed length by stretching or cutting.

Prud’hon, Pierre. 1758-1823. French painter. Crime and Justice 1808.

Ptolemy XV. Caesarion. 47-30BC. Egyptian king 44-. Son of Caesar and Cleopatra. Killed by Octavian.

Pufendorf, Samuel von. 1632-94. German historian/jurist. Universal natural laws.

Pullman Strike. 1894. Chicago. Broken by troops, injunction. National boycott call. Debs.

Raphaël. 1483-1520. Italian High Renaissance classical painter, sculptor, architect. Vatican frescoes 1508-11. Madonnas 1505-7. Sistine Madonna 1513. Julius II.

Reform Judaism. 19C. German movement vs Orthodox ritualism.

Reforma. 1854-76. Mexican civil war. Ouster of Santa Anna. Reduced power of army, church. Tejada Law. Juárez.

Rehoboam. -c914BC. Last king of united Israel. First king of Judah.

Remus. Twin brother of Romulus; legendary founders of Rome. Killed by Romulus after jumping over town wall.

Romains, Jules. 1885-1972. French writer. 27 vol.Men of Good Will 1932-46.

Rosenberg, Julius, Ethel. 1918,1916-53. First US civilians executed for spying for Soviet Union.

Rough Riders. 1898. US volunteer cavalry in Spanish American War under Roosevelt. Won San Juan hill.

Rubicon. Italian river crossed by Caesar to wage war vs Roman Senate 49BC.

Sacco-Vanzetti Case. 1921-7. Italian/US anarchists convicted and executed despite prejudiced trial.

Sachs, Julius von. 1832-97. German discoverer of chlorophyll action.

Saint-Just, Louis de. 1767-94. French revolutionary leader. Ally of Robespierre.

Samson. Old Testament Israelite judge, prophet. Lost sight and strength when Delilah cut off his hair.

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