Kaliningrad. 1946- On site of Königsberg, destroyed 1945. Russian enclave surrounded by Poland, Lithuania.

Kamikaze. 1281 “Divine Wind”. Typhoon that destroyed Mongol invasion of Japan. 1944- suicide pilots. Okinawa.

Keats, John. 1795-1821. English Romantic sensuous lyric poet: Odes 1819, Isabella.

Kepler, Johannes. 1571-1630. German astronomer, deduced elliptical planetary motions 1609. Explained tides 1598.

Kiel, Treaty. 1814. Denmark cedes Norway to Sweden.

Klopstock. 1724-1803. German Movement poet. -“love of the Fatherland”. Odes.

Korea. 1C BC Koguryo/Silla/Paekche kingdoms. 676 Silla unified. 935 Koryo dynasty. 1259-1368 Mongol. 1392-1910 Yi dynasty. 1592, 97 Japan invades. 1627, 36 China invades. 1904 Japan occupies. 1945 US/USSR occupies. 1948 Divided: Republic of Korea(S)/Democratic Peoples Republic(N).

Korolyov, Sergei. 1906-66. Russian scientist. Designed first satellite, first spacecraft.

Labiche, Eugène. 1815-88. French writer of plays and vaudevilles. La Clef des Champs 1838.

Ladislaus III. 1424-44. Polish King 1434-. Ladislaus V of Hungary 1440-. Led 2 crusades vs Turks.

Lagides. 306-30BC. Egyptian dynasty.

Lateran Councils. Roman Catholic church councils. 1123,39 vs Schism of Arnold of Brescia. 1179 Crusade vs Albigens. 1215 Crusade. 1512-17 Reform.

Latin Empire of Constantinople. 1204-61. Established by 4th Crusade leaders.

Latins. Latium tribe. Includes Romans.

Lausanne, Treaty. 1912. Turkey cedes Tripoli to Italy after Italo-Turkish War. 1932. Ended German WWI reparations despite US rejection.

Leeuwenhoek, Antony van. 1632-1723. Dutch. First to describe bacteria 1680, protozoa, corpuscles, spermatazoa 1675.

Leo Africanus. 1485-1554. Arab/Christian traveler. Descriptions of Africa 1550.

Leopold II. 1747-92. Holy Roman Emperor 1790-. “Enlightened despot”. Liberal reforms. Declaration of Pillnitz for absolutism.

Lesseps, Ferdinand. 1805-94. French engineer. Suez Canal 1869. Corinth Canal. Designed and began Panama Canal 1881-89.

Lessing, Doris. 1919-. Iran./Rhodesian/British novelist. The Children of Violence 1964.

Lethe. Greek mythical river of forgetfulness in Hades.

Lindos. c700-408BC. Major Rhodes city. Colonized Spain and Italy.

London Gazette. 1665. Oldest publishing newspaper. Official government organ.

Louis IX. St. Louis. 1214-70. French King 1226-70. Last 2 crusades. Captured on 7th Crusade. Built Ste-Chapelle, 1243, in thanks for release.

Louis VII. The Young. 1120-80. French King 1137-. Second Crusade. Marriage to Eleanor of Aquitaine annulled, consanguinity.

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