Updike, John. 1932-2009. US writer. Rabbit Run 1960. The Centaur 1963.

Utilitarianism. Good is the maximum good for the maximum number of people. Bentham. Mill. Spencer. Moore.

Vanbrugh, John. 1664-1726. English Restoration dramatist, Baroque architect: Castle Howard 1702. Blenheim Palace 1705.

Vanderlyn, John. 1775-1852. US Neoclassical artist. Ariadne 1812.

Wallis, John. 1616-1703. English mathematician. Calculus, cryptography. Infinitesimals 1655.

Walter, John. 1739-1812. English entrepreuner. Founded Times 1785. Jailed for libel.

Warren, Earl. 1891-1974. US Chief Justice 1953-69. Decisions on segregation, accused rights. Led inquiry into John F. Kennedy assassination. Concluded Oswald acted alone.

Watson, John. 1878-1958. Founded Behaviourism 1914. Separated psychology from philosophy.

Wesley, John. 1703-91. English founder of Methodism 1729. Direct preaching, often outdoors, to reach the uneducated working class. Sunday schools.

Whittier, John. 1807-92. US Quaker, Abolitionist poet: Maud Muller 1854. Snow Bound 1866.

Wilkes, John. 1725-97. English journalist, MP, rake. Free press champion. Essays on Women 1764. Expelled and reelected MP.

Winthrop, John. 1588-1649. English Governor of Massachussets Bay Colony 1629~48 as Theocracy.

Wood, John. 1704-54. English Palladian architect: Royal Crescent, Bath 1767.

Wyclif(fe), John. c1330-84. English religious reformer. Lollard leader. Advocated religion from within rather than mechanical practice. Began First English translation of bible.

Zenger, John. 1697-1746. US publisher. Libel acquittal based on being fact 1735, key to freedom of press.

Aaron. c14C BC. Old Testament. Brother of Moses. Later his rival.

Abélard, Pierre. 1079-c1144. French Conceptualist theologian of Notre-Dame. Advocated discussion vs dogma. Famed love of Héloïse. Accused of heresy 1121. Letters to Heloise 1103. Sic et Non 1132. Theologia.

Abjuration, Act. 1581. Dutch declaration of independence from Spain. Republic 1588.

Abraham. c2000BC. Old Testament father of Jewish, Arab peoples. Sarah. Hagar.Ishmael.

Acre. 1450BC- Egypt/ Assyria/ Persia/ Macedonia. 336BC Alexander...Egypt. 1C Rome. 614 Persia. 638 Moslem. 969 Egypt. 1079 Seljuk. 1099 Crusaders. 1104 Jerusalem. 1187 Saladin. 1191 Crusaders. 1291 Mameluks. 1517 Turks. 1918 British. 1948 Israel.

Acropolis. Elevated portion of Greek cities for protection and worship. Athens 2000BC.

Acts of the Apostles. c70-90. Luke’s history of early Christian church.

Adad. Babylonian, Assyrian weather god.

Adelard of Bath. 1090-c1150. English mathematician/translator introduced Arabic numerals.

Aditi. Hindu goddess, mother of Krsna and Vishnu.

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