Pyrenees, Treaty. 1659. Established French/Spanish border ending 24 year war.

Rapallo Treaty. 1920. Italy,Yugoslavia establish free city of Rijeka, settle borders. 1922 Normalized relations of Germany, USSR. Cancelled war indemnities.

Robert, Henry. 1837-1923. US writer. Robert’s Rules of Order 1876.

Rose of Lima, St. 1586-1617. Peruvian Dominican mystic. First American native saint. Patron Saint of South America.

Rush-Bagot, Convention. 1817. Demilitarized Canada-US border.

Rutherford, Ernest. 1871-1937. NZ/English physicist. Beta rays 1899, Nuclear theory of atom1911.

San Francisco, Peace. 1951. Japanese 1854 borders restored.

Siberia. 13C Mongol(S)...Golden Horde(W)/ Yüan(E). 1483 Russia explores. 1581 Khanate overthrown. 1689 Russo-Chinese border settled. 1891-1905 Trans-Siberian Railway.

St Brice’s Day Massacre. 1002. Ethelred orders killing of Danes in England.

St Médard Convulsionnaires. Believers in miraculous cures at St. Médard cemetery forbidden by Louis XV in 1732: “By Order of the King, Let God No Miracle Perform in this Place!”

Stalin Line. Soviet defensive fortifications along Polish border.

Syndicalism. 1900-39. Union movement vs capitalistic order by direct action, general strikes. Sorel. IWW.

Tell, William. 13-14C/Legendary Swiss hero of Altdorf. Shot apple off son’s head on orders of Austrian governor, Gessler.

Teutonic Knights. c1190-1809. Military Germanic order to treat wounded crusaders. 13-14C Empire over Prussia, Estonia, Latvia. Tannenberg.

Texas Rangers. 1835. Vs Indians, border patrol, cattle rustlers. 1935 Merged with Highway Patrol.

Thomas Aquinas, St. 1225-74. Italian Dominican scholar. 5 Proofs of God. An eternal law governs all physical and moral behaviour. Summa Theologica. Thomism. Reconciled Aristotle’s reason with Christian faith.

Torquemada, Tomás de. 1420-98. Dominican Inquisitor General, Spain. Worst atrocities. Expelled Jews 1492.

Trianon Treaty. 1920. WWI Allies settle Hungarian borders at 1/3 of pre-war size.

Ulbricht, Walter. 1893-1973. East German Stalinist General Secretary 1950-71. Head of State 1960-. Ordered Berlin Wall.

Ursulines. 1535. Roman Catholic order founded by Angela Merci for the education of women.

Venezuela Boundary Dispute. 19C over border with British Guiana. 1899 Most territory to Britain. Monroe Doctrine.

Vienna, Congress. 1814-15. Redrew map of Europe after Napoleon. Prussia gains Rhine, Westphalia. Swiss borders and neutrality confirmed. Netherlands created from Holland, Belgium, Luxembourg. Malta and Cape Colony ceded to Britain. Russia gets Poland. Austria trades Netherlands for north Italy. France reduced to 1792 borders. Metternich.

Vincent of Beauvais. c1190-1264. French Dominican priest. Wrote encyclopedic Speculum majus 1259.

Vishnu. Hindu god. Preserver of world and moral order.

Vladimir I, St. 956-1015. First Christian Russian ruler. Ordered people to convert.

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