Gold Standard. 1821-1937. Definition of national currencies in terms of gold purchasing power. Ended: 1931 Britain, 1933 USA, 1936 France. Friedman. Bretton Woods.

Golden Bull. 1356. Charles IV edict eliminating papal power in selection of Holy Roman Emperor.

Golden Hind. Drake’s flagship; only one to finish circumnavigation.

Goncalves Dias, Antonio. 1823-64. Romantic “National” poet of Brazil.

Gordon, Charles. 1833-85. British colonial administrator in Sudan, China. Taiping Rebellion.

Goshen. Biblical region of lower Egypt. 1882-4 Boer Republic.

Gothic Art. 13C-. Church sculpture, illuminated manuscripts. Less idealized than Classical. Emotions portrayed.

Gracchus, Tiberius. c163-133BC. Roman tribune 133, reformer. Killed in riot. Scipio.

Granadine Confederation. 1858-63. = Colombia.

Granados, Enrique. 1867-1916. Spanish Nationalist composer. 7 Operas. Set of Tonadillas. Dances. Goyescas 1911-13.

Grand Alliance, War of. 1689-97. Spain, Sweden, England, Holy Roman Empire, Netherlands vs French expansionism. Negotiated Peace. King William’s War. Namur. Augsburg League.

Grand Army of the Republic. 1866-1956. Political organization of American Civil War veterans.

Grand Palais. Built for 1900 World Exhibition in Paris.

Grant, Ulysses S. 1822-85. Commander-in-Chief Union army 1864-5 in US Civil War. President 1869-77.

Great Britain. 1707 Kingdom of England, Scotland, Wales. United Kingdom. Act of Union.

Greco, El. 1541-1614. Greek/Spanish painter. Elongated figures. Assumption 1577. Crucifixion. Toledo c1608.

Greece. c3000BC Minoan(Crete). c1500BC Achaean. 11C Aeolian, Ionian. c1100 Dorian. 683 Athens monarchy. 404 Sparta. 371 Thebes. 338 Macedonia...Alexander. 197BC Rome...Byzantine. 1453 AD Ottoman. 1829 Independent kingdom. 1912 +Crete. 1924 Republic. 1935 Constitutional Monarchy. 1973 Republic. 1981 EEC. 1994 EU.

Greek Civil War. 1944-9. Communist insurrection defeated with British/US help.

Greek Liberation, War. = Greek Independence, War.

Green Mountain Boys. 1770. Ethan Allen’s Vermont militia in American Revolution.

Green Revolution. 20C. Increased food production in developing countries based on new plant breeds. Borlaug.

Gregorian Calendar. 1582. 11 Day correction and addition of non-leap centuries to Julian Calendar. Adopted 1752 England, 1918 Russia.

Gregory IX. -1241. Pope 1227-. Organized Inquisition 1231.

Grenada. 1498 Columbus discovers. 1651 French colony. 1763 English. 1876 Crown Colony. 1958 Fed of West Indies. 1967 Self-government. 1983 US invades to prevent Marxist insurrection.

Griffiths, D.W. 1875-1948. US filmmaker. First visual effects. Birth of a Nation 1915.

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