Lanark. 1779-1830. Owen’s cooperative Scottish business. 10½ hour day. Health and pension insurance.

Land Decree. 1917. Confiscation of private property in Russia.

Land League. 1879. Irish association to reduce rents. Agitated for Home Rule. Parnell.

Landowski, Paul. 1875-1961. Sculptor: St. Genevieve on Tournelle Bridge, Paris, 1928; la Réformation, Geneva, 1912-18.

Laos. 14C Buddhist Lan Xang. 18C Vientiane(C)/ Luang Prabang(N)/ Champassak(S). 19C Siam. 1893 French protectorate. 1942 Japanese occupy. 1946 French. 1953 Independent...civil wars. 1975 Lao People’s Democratic Republic. 1991 New Constitution and freedoms.

Larousse, Pierre. 1817-75. French lexicographer. Great Universal Dictionary of the XIXth Century 1866-76.

Las Casas, Bartolomé de. 1474-1566. Spanish missionary to South America. New Laws 1542. Historia de las Indias.

Lassalle, Ferdinand. 1825-64. German Socialist. 1848 Revolutionary Movement.

Lateran Synod. 1059. Papal election procedure.

Latimer, Hugh. 1485-1555. English Protestant Reformation churchman. Executed by Mary I.

Latvia. 9C Varangian. 1158 Teutonic Knights. 1561 Poland(S). 1629 Sweden(N). 1721 Russian(N)...1795 Russian(all). 1918 Independent republic. 1934 Ulmanis dictator. 1940 USSR. 1941-45 German occupation. 1991 Independent.

Lausanne, Treaty. 1912. Turkey cedes Tripoli to Italy after Italo-Turkish War. 1932. Ended German WWI reparations despite US rejection.

Lavalleja, Juan. 1784-1853. Uruguay revolutionary. Led 33 Immortals. Independence from Brazil.

Lavoisier, Antoine. 1743-94. French “father of modern chemistry”. Oxygen in combustion 1772. Guillotined.

Law Commission Act. 1965. First codification of English common law.

Layamon. c1200. English poet. First mention of King Arthur, Lear, Merlin.

League of Nations. 1920-46. Versailles. For everlasting peace. Idea of US, who did not join. Germany 1926-33. Maximum 63 nations. Failed 1931 when Japan attacked Manchuria. USSR expelled1939. Dissolved 1946. Mandates.

Lebanese Civil War. 1975-91. Moslem PLO gain power over Phalangists. Lebanese National Pact. Israeli, Syrian intervention 1978-82.

Lebanese National Pact. 1943-75. Compromise government of Maronite President, Sunni Prime Minister, Shi’ite Speaker.

Lebanese War. 1978-82. Israeli invasions vs PLO, Syria.

Lebensraum. “Living Space”. Nazi expansionist objective, 1936-.

Lechfeld, Battle. 955. Otto I halts Magyar expansion.

Lecompton Constitution. 1858. Rejected pro-slavery Kansas constitution.

Le Corbusier. 1887-1965. Swiss Functionalist architecht, urbanist. -“A house is a machine to live in”.

Le Duc Tho. 1911-90. Vietnamese Communist leader, revolutionary. Paris Peace Conference. (Refused)

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