Ixion. Father of Centaurs. Bound to fiery wheel by Zeus.

Izanagi and Izanami. Japanese creation deities.

Jacobins. 1789-94. Robespierre-led radical democratic French Revolutionary group. In power 1793-4. -“Holy League against the enemies of liberty”.

Jacobites. 1688-1753. Supporters of exiled James II and Stuart line after Glorious Revolution. 1715 “Old Pretender” James fails to claim British throne. 1745-6. Bonnie Prince Charlie unable to reclaim throne of England/Scotland. Stuart supporters aided rebels in Scotland and Ireland. Culloden Moor.

Jainism. 6C BC-. Pacifist ascetic Indian religion incorporating elements of Hinduism.

James, Henry. 1843-1916. US psychological novelist. American 1877. Washington Square 1881. Turn of the Screw 1898. Compared innocence of New World with corruption of Old.-“It takes a great deal of history to produce a little literature”.

James II. 1633-1701. King of Great Britain 1685-8. Exiled 1689- in France. Supported Catholics. Bloody Assizes. Glorious Revolution overthrew him.

January Insurrection. 1863-4. Unsuccessful Polish revolution vs Russia.

Japan. 660BC Empire founded by legendary Jimmu. 5C AD First unified state. c552 Buddhism. 1192 First Shogun ruler. 1543 European contact (Portugal). 1639 Isolation. 1868 Meiji restoration. 1945-52 Allies occupy. 1947 Constitutional monarchy.

Jaruzelski, Wojciech. 1923-. Polish leader 1981-90. Banned Solidarity -1989. First free elections, 1989, since WWII.

Jay’s Treaty. 1794. Brititish concessions to US to avoid another war doesn’t appease Americans.

Jefferson, Thomas. 1743-1826. US President 1801-9. Drafted Declaration of Independence. Louisiana Purchase.

Jeffersonian Republicans. 1790-. US First opposition party. Advocated limited government vs Federalists.

Jeffreys of Wem, Baron. 1645-89. Bloody Assizes judge. Extortion, corruption. Lord Chancellor 1685-8.

Jenkins’ Ear, War. 1739-43. England vs Spain over restrictions of trade with Spanish colonies...War of Austrian Succession. Spanish cut ear, 1731.

Jerusalem, Council. 50. Exempted Gentiles from Mosaic Law, circumcision.

Jesuit Estates Act. 1888. Quebec awards restitution to Jesuits for British land appropriation 1773.

Jesuit Order. Society of Jesus.1534-. Founded by Loyola. Vows of poverty, chastity, and perfect obedience to Pope. Missionary and educational work. Dissolved 1773; restored 1814.

Jesus. c6BC-c30. Jewish prophet, believed by Christians to be the Messiah, son of God. Crucified. Resurrected. Life and death were inspiration for Christianity.

Jewish Agency. 1929-. Founded by Weizmann to support Zionist cause in Palestine.

Jewish Era. Began 3761BCE. Year of creation calculated from Biblical evidence. Christian Era. Muhammadan Era.

Jews. Individuals of Jewish parentage or Judaic religion. Descendents of Israelites who survived Babylonian Captivity. Hebrew.

Jim Crow Laws. 1877-1964. US laws allowing segregation.

Jingoism. Excessive nationalism. Originally for British who intervened in Russo-Turkish War, 1877.

Jinnah, Muhammed Ali. 1876-1948. Founded Moslem League 1934. Demanded partition of India. First gov-gen. of Pakistan.

1288 more results ...