Cather, Willa. 1873-1947. US novelist. O Pioneers 1913.

Catholic Emancipation Act. 1829. Catholics readmitted to English Parliament. Test Act. O’Connell.

Catholic Reformation. Counter Reformation.

Catt, Carrie. 1859-1947. US feminist leader. 19th Amendment.

Cavaliere, Emilio del. c1550-1602. Added arias and choral movements to cantatas. Early dramatic music.

CCF. 1932. Cooperative Commonwealth Federation. Canadian Socialist party. 1961 =New Democratic Party.

Cellini, Benvenuto. 1500-71. Florentine Mannerist sculptor, goldsmith. Saltcellar of Francis I 1543. Autobiography 1561.

Celts. Central European peoples who settled Spain, Gaul, Asia Minor 3000BC, and invaded Great Britain c3C BC. Plundered Rome 390BC. Thrived in Britain. after Romans. Invaded Greece 279-276BC. Forced to Wales by Invasions 5C. = Roman “Gauls”.

CENTO. 1955-79. Central Treaty Organization. Based on Baghdad Pact 1955. Turkey, Iran, U.K., Palestine defence.

Central America Federation. 1823-40. Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica.

Cezanne, Paul. 1839-1906. French Post-Impressionist painter. Illusion of depth by color. Card Players 1892.

CGT. 1895. Confédération Générale du Travail. Largest French union organization.

Chadwick, Edwin. 1800-90. English campaigner for cleanliness to prevent disease. Poor Law Commission, 1832-46. Board of Health 1848-54.

Chalgrin, J-F. Architect of Arc de Triomphe 1806; Odéon.

Challenger Expedition. 1872-6. Oceanic survey of currents, depths, temps.

Chamberlain, Houston. 1855-1927. British/German antisemite pro-Aryan philosopher. Foundation of the Nineteenth Century, 1899.

Chambord, Count de. 1820-83. Claimed French throne; inflexibility led to failure of Bourbon restoration negotiations 1874.

Champollion, Jean. 1790-1832. French. Deciphered Egyptian hieroglyphics. Rosetta Stone.

Channel Islands. 911 Norman. 1066 England. Autonomous British crown possession.

Chaos. Greek mythical pre-creation state of universe.

Chaplin, Charlie. 1889-1977. English silent film actor. First international film star: The Kid 1921. Modern Times 1936. Little Tramp.

Charles I, of Anjou. 1226-85. French King of Naples and Sicily 1246-. Son of Louis VIII. Harsh rule. First Angevin.

Charles VII, the Well-served. 1403-61. King of France 1422-. Joan of Arc. Arras Treaty. Pragmatic Sanction.

Charlottetown Conference. 1864. Canadian provinces plan Confederation.

Charpentier, Marc. 1634-1704. French composer. Oratorios.

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