Celts. Central European peoples who settled Spain, Gaul, Asia Minor 3000BC, and invaded Great Britain c3C BC. Plundered Rome 390BC. Thrived in Britain. after Romans. Invaded Greece 279-276BC. Forced to Wales by Invasions 5C. = Roman “Gauls”.

CENTO. 1955-79. Central Treaty Organization. Based on Baghdad Pact 1955. Turkey, Iran, U.K., Palestine defence.

Central African Republic. 1891 French colony 1910 «French Equatorial Africa. 1958 Self-government. 1960 Independent. 1976-79 Central African Empire.

Central Committee. Governing body of USSR Communist Party.

Central Powers. 1882-1918. = Triple Alliance. Germany and its allies during WWI.

Cerularius, Michael. c1000-59. Patriarch of Constantinople 1043-58. East-West Schism.

Ceuta. c12C BC Phoenicia. 1C BC Rome. 5C Vandal. 6C Byzantine. 618 Visigoth. 711 Moslem. 1415 Portugal. 1580 Spain. 1810 Britain. 1814 Spain.

Cezanne, Paul. 1839-1906. French Post-Impressionist painter. Illusion of depth by color. Card Players 1892.

Chac. Maya rain god.

Chad. 7C Sao. 11C Kanem. 14-16C Kanem, Bornu dispute...16C Bornu. 1808 Hausa. 1897 French protectorate. 1910 French colony «French Equatorial Africa. 1960 Independent republic.

Chadwick, Edwin. 1800-90. English campaigner for cleanliness to prevent disease. Poor Law Commission, 1832-46. Board of Health 1848-54.

Chagall, Marc. 1887-1985. Russian/French painter of biblical scenes. Stained glass. Ceiling, Paris Opera 1964.

Chain, Ernst. 1906-79. With Florey, purified penicillin.

Chakkri. 1782-. Dynasty ruling Thailand.

Chalgrin, J-F. Architect of Arc de Triomphe 1806; Odéon.

Chamberlain, Austen. 1863-1937. British Statesman. Locarno Pact.

Chamberlain, Houston. 1855-1927. British/German antisemite pro-Aryan philosopher. Foundation of the Nineteenth Century, 1899.

Chamberlain, Joseph. 1836-1914. English imperialist politician.

Chamberlain, Neville. 1869-1940. English statesman, Prime Minister, 1937-40. Appeasement Policy towards Hitler. Munich Agreement.

Chambord, Count de. 1820-83. Claimed French throne; inflexibility led to failure of Bourbon restoration negotiations 1874.

Champ-de-Mars. Garden under the Eiffel Tower. Originally Gabriel’s parade ground for École Militaire.

Champa. 2-15C Vietnamese kingdom. 5-6C China. 1471 Vietn dest.

Champlain, Samuel de. c1567-1635. French explorer of Canada. First Governor of New France. Founded Quebec city 1608.

Chancellor. Title of prime minister of Germany.

Chang Ch’ien. -114BC. Chinese explorer to India, Bactria.

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