Trabzon Empire. 1204-1461. Independent Byzantine Empire after fall of Constantinople. Defeated by Ottomans.

Trade Disputes Act. 1906. British unions immune from suits against members’ activities.

Trade Unions. Legalized: 1824 Britain. 1834 France. 1869 Germany. 1875 British legalized picketing.

Trades Union Congress. TUC. 1868. Organization of British unions sponsoring Labour Party. ICFTU.

Trafalgar, Battle. 1805. Nelson’s victory over the French and Spanish fleets. British naval superiority secured. Nelson killed. Ends Napoleon’s plans to invade England.

Transcendentalism. 1835-55. US philosophy. Man’s divinity and goodness. Insight over logic. Opposed to authority. Thoreau. Emerson. Channing.

Transcontinental Treaty. 1819. Spain renounces Florida, Oregon to US. Keeps Texas.

Transjordan. 1921-46 Emirate. 1946-49 Kingdom = Jordan.

Transkei. Bantu territory of South Africa. 1962 Self government. 1976 Independence recognized, but only by South Africa.

Transportation. Removal of criminals to a distant place. 1783-1868 British send 160,000 to Australia. 1854-1946. French send to French Guiana. 1710- Russia banishes to Siberia.

Treaty Ports. Japan, China forced by west to open ports to foreign trade. Opium Wars.

Treitschke, Heinrich von. 1834-96. German Nationalist historian. Authoritarianism. History of Germany 1879-94.

Trenchard, Hugh. 1873-1956. British Flying Corps Commander. “Father of the RAF” 1918.

Trent, Council of. 1545-63. Compiled Missal used by Roman Catholic Church until 1969. Prohibited sale of indulgences. Signals counter-reformation. Luther.

Trent Affair. 1861. US sieze British mail ship in Civil War, remove two Confederate commissioners.

Trenton, Battle. 1776. Washington crosses Delaware to defeat British.

Trevithick, Richard. 1771-1833. English inventor of high pressure steam engine. Locomotive 1803.

Tribonian. -545 Byzantine. Compiled Corpus Juris Civilis law code 529.

Trident Conference. 1943. Secret meeting of Roosevelt, Churchill to plan Normandy Invasion.

Trinidad and Tobago. Trinidad: Arawak. 1498 Columbus discovers for Spain. Natives die. 1797 British. Tobago: Carib. 1781 France. 1814 British. 1962 Independent. 1976 Republic.

Trinity. Christian doctrine that God has single essence in 3 divine persons: Father, Son, Holy Spirit.

Tripartite Pact. 1940. Japan joins German-Italian Axis. Joined by Hungary, Romania, Slovakia, 1940; Bulgaria, Yugoslavia, Croatia, 1941.

Triple Alliance. 1668 England, United Provinces, Sweden vs France to protect Spanish Netherlands. 1717 France, England, Dutch Republic vs Spain...Quadruple Alliance. 1788-90 British, Dutch Republic, Prussia vs spread of Russo-Swedish War. 1795. England, Austria, Russia vs threat of French Revolution.1882-1914. Germany, Austria, Italy vs Triple Entente.

Triptolemus. Greek hero, inventor of the plough.

Trollope, Anthony. 1815-82. English Realist Victorian novelist of ordinary people, religious and political life: Phineas Finn. Barchester Towers 1857. 46 novels.

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