Sigismund I. The Old. 1467-1548. King of Poland 1506-. Acquired Prussia 1525.

Sigismund III. Vasa. 1566-1632. King of Poland 1587-, Sweden 1592-99. Captured Moscow 1610-12.

Sigismund. 1368-1437. King of Hungary 1387-, Germans 1411-, Lombardy 1431-, HRE 1433-. Helped end Schism. Executed Huss.

Signac, Paul. 1863-1935. French Neo-Impressionist Pointilist painter. Seurat.

Sihanouk, Norodom. 1922-. Cambodian king 1941-55. Abdicated for father. Prime Minister 1955-60. Head of State 1960-70.

Sikh States, Confederation of. 1764 Independent from Mogul. 1819 + Kashmir. 1834 + Peshawar. 1849 British. 1948 India.

Sikh Wars. 1845-6 Sikhs invade India, British take Kashmir. 1848-9 Sikh revolt, Britain takes Punjab.

Sikhism. NW India monotheistic religion. Meditation exercises to realize God. Nanak.

Sikkim. c1640 Independent kingdom. 1780 Nepal invades. 1814 Independent. 1861 British protectorate. 1947 Indian suzerainty. 1975 Indian state.

Sikorski, Wladyslaw. 1881-1943. Polish general, Prime Minister. Headed WWII government in exile.

Sikorsky, Igor. 1889-1972. Ukrainian/US. Invented helicopter, 1939.

Sileni. Greek half man, half horse beings.

Silesia. c300BC Vandal. c4C Slav. 11C Polish. 1163 Divided. 13C German colony/Tatars invade. 1335 Bohemia. 15C Divided. 1526 Hapsburg. 1675 Bohemia. 1694 Austria. 1742 Prussia. 1921 Czechoslovakia/Poland/Germany. 1938/9 German. 1945 Poland/GDR.

Silk Route. Trade route from Rome to China. Followed by Marco Polo.

Silla, Kingdom. 57BC-935. Korea, united peninsula 668.

Sillitoe, Alan. 1928-. English writer of working class life. Loneliness of the Long Distance Runner 1959.

Simony. Trading in church offices, sacred objects. Banned by Council of Chalcedon 451, and in England since Edward VI.

Sin. Violation of divine law.

Sinai Campaign. 1956. Israeli preemptory attack takes Sinai. UN peacekeeping force in Gaza.

Sinan. 1489-1588. Ottoman architect. Mosque of Suleiman, Istanbul 1550-7.

Sinclair, Upton. 1878-1968. US novelist, Muckraker. Jungle 1906.

Singapore. 13-14C Malay city. 1377 Javanese destroy. 1819 Raffles refounds. 1867 «Straits Settlements. 1942-45 Japanese occupy. 1946 British Crown Colony. 1963 Federation of Malaysia. 1965 Independent republic.

Singer, Isaac. 1811-75. US sewing machine improver 1851. Howe.

Singer, Isaac B. 1904-91. Polish/US Yiddish writer. Gimpel the Fool 1957.

Sinn Fein. 1905. (=Ourselves Alone). Irish Nationalist movement. 1916 uprising. Founded Irish Free State. Legalized as political party in Northern Ireland, 1974. Political wing of IRA. De Valera.

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