Barbarossa, Operation. 1941. German invasion of USSR.

Barbary Piracy. 1518-1830. G. Washington pays $1M to free enslaved seamen 1796. US attacks Tripoli 1815. French sieze Algiers, 1830.

Barbizon. 19C French objective style of painting landscapes from nature; influenced Impressionists. Millet, Diaz.

Barbuda. 1628 British Colony. 1680 Cordington family possession. 19C British Crown Colony. 1981 Independent Antigua and Barbuda.

Barcarole. Venetian gondolier’s song with rocking rhythm.

Barebones Parliament. 1653. Cromwell’s Nominated Puritan Parliament. Named for MP, Praise-God Barbon.

Barlaam. Legendary monk who converted Indian King Josephat to Christianity.

Barnet, Battle. 1471. Yorkist victory in War of Roses.

Baroja y Nessi, Pio. 1872-1956. Basque novelist. Terse style influenced Hemingway. Somber Lives 1900. Generation of ’98.

Barons War. 1264-7. England. Led by Montfort vs Henry III’s spending. Evesham. Oxford Provisions. Ended by Marlborough Statute.

Baroque Art. 1600-1750. Orig in Italy, spread across W. Europe. Architecture: Ornate style characterized by stucco, frescoes, rood screens. Vanbrugh. Bernini’s Barberini Palace. Music: Counterpoint vs Renaissance polyphony. Opera, cantata. Bach. Monteverdi. Vivaldi. Painting: Dynamic, emotional. Caravaggio. Reni. Rubens.Van Dyck. Rococo.

Barrackpore Mutiny. 1824. Indian troops vs British commanders. Troops massacred.

Barras, Paul. 1755-1829. French Directory founder. Led Army of Interior.

Barrès, Maurice. 1862-1923. French writer, politician. la Colline inspirée 1913.

Barrier Treaties. 1709-15. Britain, HRE aid United Provinces vs Spain, France. Spanish Succession.

Barry, Charles. 1795-1860. English architect: Westminster Parliament 1840. Trafalgar Square 1840-3.

Bartolomeo, Fra. 1472-1517. Florentine master painter. High Renaissance Classical idealist. Lucca. Annunciation 1497.

Barton, Elizabeth. 1506-34. Maid of Kent. Executed for prophesy against Henry VIII marrying Anne Boleyn.

Baruch, Bernard. 1870-1965. US financier/elder statesman; adviser to US presidents, Churchill.

Barye, Antoine. 1795-1875. French sculptor of simplicity, energy. Jaguar devouring a hare 1850.

Basel, Confessions. 1531, 1536. Statements of Reformation doctrines.

Basel, Council. 1431-49. Conciliarism vs Papal Authority. Felix V appointed Antipope.

Basel, Peace. 1499. Holy Roman Empire grants Swiss independence.

Basel, Treaty. 1795. Prussia, France exchange Rhine territories.

Basel, Treaty. 1795. Spain cedes Santo Domingo to France.

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