Philippics. Acrimonious orations of Demosthenes against Philip II of Macedonia.

Philippine Insurrection. 1899-1902. Filipinos rebel vs US rule.

Philippine Revolution. 1896-8. For independence from Spain allowed US control. Insurrection.

Philippine Sea, Battle. 1944. Major US victory over Japanese. Philippines reconquered. MacArthur.

Philippines. 1521 Magellan discovers. 1565 Spanish conquer. 1762-64 British occupy. 1898 US. 1935 Commonwealth. 1941-11 Japan occupies. 1946 Republic. 1973 Marcos dictator. 1986 Democracy. MacArthur.

Philistines. 12C BC- Peoples of Palestine defeated by Saul and David 10C BC. Samson.

Philomela. Mythical Greek princess. Raped by Tereus. Tongue cut out.

Philopappus. Syrian prince. Roman consul. Monument faces on Acropolis.

Philostratus. 3C Greek Sophist. Lives of Sophists. Imagines.

Phocas. -610. Byzantine Emperor 602-. Persecuted Monophysites and Jews.

Phoenicians. Canaanites. 30-4C BC. Eastern Mediterranean traders from England to Africa. 20C BC Tyre. 15C BC invented alphabet. 814BC Carthage.

Photius. c820-91. Patriarch of Constantinople 858~86. Began Great Schism controversy.

Phrygia. 13-6C BC. Kingdom dominating Asia Minor.

Physiocrats. 18C. Agricultural based philosophy. Land is source of all wealth. Elimination of controls over economy. Laissez-Faire. Quesnay. Turgot.

Physiognomism. Belief in the relationship between personality types and facial characteristics. Lavater. Aristotle.

Piaf, Edith. 1915-63. French music hall singer.

Piaget, Jean. 1896-1980. Swiss psychologist. Child development in four stages: sensorimotor, symbolic, concrete, logical.

Picasso, Pablo. 1881-1973. Spanish/French Cubist painter. Desmoiselles d’Avignon 1907. Guernica 1937.

Pichincha, Battle. 1822. Ecuador wins independence from Spain.

Pickering, Edward. 1846-1919. US pioneer of stellar spectroscopy, photometry.

Picts. Inhabitants of Scotland. Repelled Romans. Subdued by MacAlpin 843 creating Alban.

Pied Piper of Hamelin. Legend based on Children’s Crusade. Leads children away when townspeople refuse to pay for ridding town of vermin.

Piedmont-Sardinia. 1720-1861. Savoy kingdom. Sardinia.

Pietism. 17-18C. Spener’s religious movement. Influenced Moravians, Methodists. Bible study.

Pilâtre de Rosier, Jean-François. 1756-85. Physician and balloonist. First ascent 1783 with Montgolfier; First free flight 1783 with d’Arlandes. Killed trying to cross Channel.

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