Hopkins, Gerald Manley. 1844-89. English poet.

Hopper, Edward. 1882-1967. US realist painter. Nighthawks 1942.

Hopper, Grace. 1906-92. US Admiral. Pioneer computer programmer 1944. “Debugged” Mark I by removing moth.

Hospitallers, Knights. 11C-. Order of St. John. First devoted to aid of pilgrims to Holy Land. Prominent in crusades. Bought Rhodes 1309. Expelled by Ottomans, 1522. Given Malta by Charles V, 1530. Expelled by Napoleon, 1798. = Knights of Malta.

Houston, Sam. 1793-1863. Texas Commander in revolt vs Mexico 1835-6. President, Texas Republic 1836~44.

Howard, Catherine. 1521-42. 5th wife of Henry VIII. Beheaded.

Howe, Elias. 1819-67. US inventor: sewing machine 1845. Thimmonier.

Hoxha, Enver. 1908-85. Albanian Marxist-Leninist dicatator 1944-.

Hsi Ho. Chinese goddess; mother of sun.

Hsia. 1994-1523BC. Legendary first Chinese dynasty.

Hsiung-nu. 5C BC-5C AD. Asian empire. Great Wall completed to keep them out 214-204BC.

Hu Yaobang. 1915-89. Liberal Chinese Communist Party chairman. Death led to Tiananmen demonstrations.

Hua Kuo-feng. c1920-. Chinese Premier 1976-80, Chairman 1976-81.

Huai Hai, Battle. 1948-9. Chinese communists gain control of key routes.

Huang Hsing. 1874-1916. Led Chinese uprising 1911, with Sun Yat-sen.

Hubble, Edwin. 1889-1953. English discoverer of galaxies 1922-24.

Hudaybiyah, Pact of al-. 628. Muhammad and followers allowed into Mecca for pilgrimage. Hijrah.

Hudson River. 1825-75. US Romantic landscape painting school.

Hudson’s Bay Company. 1670-. England. Explored Canada. Sought NW passage. Trading posts. Fur trade. Monopoly 1821-58. Seven Oaks Massacre.

Hugh Capet. c941-996. First of the Capetian dynasty of French kings 987-. Son of Hugh the Great.

Hugh of St. Victor. 1096-1141. Led prominent school of St. Victor, Paris.

Huguenots. 1510-18C. Persecuted French Calvinist Protestants. 300,000 expelled 1685. Bartholomew’s Day Massacre. Wars of Religion. Edict of Nantes. Henry of Navarre. Declaration of Rights of Man, 1789.

Hui-neng. 638-713. Chinese Zen priest. Satori-sudden enlightenment.

Hukbalahap Rebellion. 1946-54. Unsuccessful Communist guerillas vs Roxas in Philippines.

Human Rights. Agreed natural rights for all mankind. Stoics. Declaration of the Rights of Man 1789. Bill of Rights 1791. Buisson. Universal Declaration of Human Rights 1948. Amnesty International.

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